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Population fluctuation of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) in an Atlantic Forest fragment in Northeast Brazil
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Population fluctuation of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) in an Atlantic Forest fragment in Northeast Brazil
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Population fluctuation of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) in an Atlantic Forest fragment in Northeast Brazil
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Journal Article
Population fluctuation of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) in an Atlantic Forest fragment in Northeast Brazil
2025
Overview
Abstract Fruit flies are important agricultural pests of cultivated fruit trees, which makes it necessary to conduct studies that analyze the population fluctuations of these insects, whether in agricultural or natural environments. This study investigated the diversity and population fluctuations of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) in an Atlantic Forest fragment in Mata do Pau-Ferro State Park, Areia, Paraíba. Thirty-two McPhail traps containing food attractants were installed in closed and open canopy areas, positioned 2 and 4 m high, between February 2023 and January 2024. We evaluated the population fluctuations of the species and correlated their occurrence through Pearson's correlation analysis with the climatic factors of rainfall, temperature, and humidity. A total of 207 specimens were collected, with a predominance of females (87%), and ten species of Anastrepha were identified, of which Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart) was the most abundant (38.64%), followed by A. fraterculus (Wiedemann) (12.07%) and A. bahiensis Lima (11.12%). The highest number of species was recorded in the months of January and July. The closed canopy area presented greater species richness and abundance (66.82% of individuals). A. bahiensis was more captured between September and November in traps positioned at 4 meters. In the closed canopy, there was a positive correlation between A. obliqua, A. matertela Zucchi and A. barbiellinii Lima and temperature, whereas in the closed canopy, A. obliqua and A. bahiensis demonstrated a strong and significant positive correlation with precipitation. The results highlight the importance of systematic monitoring in natural areas to support integrated pest management in adjacent commercial orchards. Resumo As moscas-das-frutas são importantes pragas agrícolas de fruteiras cultivadas, o que torna necessário a realização de estudos que analisem a flutuação populacional desses insetos, seja em ambientes agrícolas ou naturais. Este estudo investigou a diversidade e a flutuação populacional de Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) em um fragmento de Mata Atlântica no Parque Estadual Mata do Pau-Ferro, Areia, Paraíba. Foram instaladas 32 armadilhas do tipo McPhail, contendo atrativos alimentares, em áreas de dossel fechado e aberto, posicionadas a 2 e 4 m de altura, entre fevereiro de 2023 e janeiro de 2024. Avaliamos a flutuação populacional das espécies e correlacionamos sua ocorrência, por meio da análise de correlação de Pearson, com os fatores climáticos de precipitação pluviométrica, temperatura e umidade. Foram coletados 207 espécimes, com predomínio de fêmeas (87%), sendo identificadas dez espécies de Anastrepha, das quais Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart) foi a mais abundante (38,64%), seguida por A. fraterculus (Wiedemann) (12,07%) e A. bahiensis Lima (11,12%). O maior número de espécies foi registrado nos meses de janeiro e julho. A área de dossel fechado apresentou maior riqueza e abundância de espécies (66,82% dos indivíduos). A. bahiensis demonstrou maior ocorrência entre setembro a novembro nas armadilhas posicionadas a 4 m. No dossel fechado houve correlação positiva entre A. obliqua, A. matertela Zucchi e A. barbiellinii Lima e a temperatura, enquanto no dossel fechado A. obliqua e A. bahiensis demonstraram correlação positiva forte e significativa com a precipitação. Os resultados destacam a importância do monitoramento sistemático em áreas naturais como subsídio ao manejo integrado de pragas em pomares comerciais adjacentes.
