Journal Article

SYNTHESIS OF THE SOUTHEAST ATMOSPHERE STUDIES

Shaw, Stephanie, Cohen, Ronald C., Goldstein, Allen H., Warneke, Carsten, Mak, John, Carlton, Annmarie G., Jimenez, Jose L., Hunt, Sherri, Farkas, Caroline M., Zhou, Xianling, Nguyen, Thien Khoi, Pierce, Jeffrey R., Wennberg, Paul O., Attwood, Alexis R., de Sa, Suzane, Song, Shaojie, Ambrose, Jesse L., Brown, Steven, Guenther, Alex, Jaffe, Daniel A., Nenes, Athanasios, Shah, Viral, McClure, Crystal, Surratt, Jason D., Selin, Noelle E., Turpin, Barbara J., Farmer, Delphine, Washenfelder, Rebecca A., Jaeglé, Lyatt, Stutz, Jochen, Edgerton, Sylvia, Shepson, Paul B., Brock, Charles, Baker, Kirk R., de Gouw, Joost, Gratz, Lynne

2018

Overview

The Southeast Atmosphere Studies (SAS), which included the Southern Oxidant and Aerosol Study (SOAS); the Southeast Nexus (SENEX) study; and the Nitrogen, Oxidants, Mercury and Aerosols: Distributions, Sources and Sinks (NOMADSS) study, was deployed in the field from 1 June to 15 July 2013 in the central and eastern United States, and it overlapped with and was complemented by the Studies of Emissions, Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC⁴RS) campaign. SAS investigated atmospheric chemistry and the associated air quality and climate-relevant particle properties. Coordinated measurements from six ground sites, four aircraft, tall towers, balloon-borne sondes, existing surface networks, and satellites provide in situ and remotely sensed data on trace-gas composition, aerosol physicochemical properties, and local and synoptic meteorology. Selected SAS findings indicate 1) dramatically reduced NOx concentrations have altered ozone production regimes; 2) indicators of “biogenic” secondary organic aerosol (SOA), once considered part of the natural background, were positively correlated with one or more indicators of anthropogenic pollution; and 3) liquid water dramatically impacted particle scattering while biogenic SOA did not. SAS findings suggest that atmosphere–biosphere interactions modulate ambient pollutant concentrations through complex mechanisms and feedbacks not yet adequately captured in atmospheric models. The SAS dataset, now publicly available, is a powerful constraint to develop predictive capability that enhances model representation of the response and subsequent impacts of changes in atmospheric composition to changes in emissions, chemistry, and meteorology.

• Publisher: American Meteorological Society
• Subject: Aerosols / Air pollution / Air quality / Air quality measurements / Aircraft / Anthropogenic factors / Atmosphere / Atmospheric chemistry / Atmospheric composition / Atmospheric models / Atmospheric sciences / Balloons / Biosphere / Chemical synthesis / Chemistry / Climate / Climate change / Emissions / Engineering / Environmental protection / Environmental science / Gas composition / Human influences / Indicators / Interactions / Laboratories / Mathematics / Measurement techniques / Mercury / Meteorology / National parks / Nitrogen compounds / Organic chemistry / Outdoor air quality / Oxidants / Oxides / Oxidizing agents / Ozone / Ozone production / Particle scattering / Physicochemical processes / Physicochemical properties / Public health / R&D / Remote sensing / Research & development / Satellites / Secondary aerosols / Sondes / Spaceborne remote sensing / Surveys / Synoptic meteorology / Trends / Water / Water pollution