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Seed morphology and cytogenetic characterization of an endangered wild cotton, Gossypium turneri Fryxell, from Mexico
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Seed morphology and cytogenetic characterization of an endangered wild cotton, Gossypium turneri Fryxell, from Mexico
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Seed morphology and cytogenetic characterization of an endangered wild cotton, Gossypium turneri Fryxell, from Mexico
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Journal Article
Seed morphology and cytogenetic characterization of an endangered wild cotton, Gossypium turneri Fryxell, from Mexico
2021
Overview
Cotton (genus
Gossypium
) is an important agricultural crop around the world because of its fiber.
Gossypium turneri
Fryxell is a wild cotton species endemic to the state of Sonora (northwestern Mexico), whose status has been recently raised to endangered in the IUCN Red List. This species has invaluable characteristics that could be useful in the cultivated cotton gene pool. Despite its importance,
G. turneri
has been studied very little. To the best of our knowledge, no previous study has characterized its seed morphology and cytogenetics. Therefore, in the present study the seed morphology and karyotype of
G. turneri
were analyzed. Seeds of
G. turneri
have nonuniform oval shape and brown-gray color. This species produces short fibers attached to its seed surface that are not long enough for commercial use. Our seed sizes were greater than those previously described for
G. turneri
and other diploid cottons. The length and width of seeds were 8.80 mm and 4.83 mm, respectively. Traits such as embryo and seed coat were measured and carefully observed, and gossypol glands were observed only in the embryo during the evaluation of internal features of seeds. Cytogenetic analysis revealed 26 chromosomes (2n = 2x = 26) in mitotic cells of
G. turneri
. The karyotype analysis showed mainly metacentric (m), submetacentric (sm) and subtelocentric (st) chromosomes. Our results reveal important biological traits of
G. turneri
that could be considered in future studies to improve cultivated cotton.
