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Lessons Learnt from Restoring a Tidal Marsh by Enlarging the Intertidal Basin (Zwin Inlet, Belgium/The Netherlands)
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Lessons Learnt from Restoring a Tidal Marsh by Enlarging the Intertidal Basin (Zwin Inlet, Belgium/The Netherlands)
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Journal Article
Lessons Learnt from Restoring a Tidal Marsh by Enlarging the Intertidal Basin (Zwin Inlet, Belgium/The Netherlands)
2025
Overview
Tidal inlets regulate the exchange of water and sediment between the open sea and adjacent basins. In many locations, engineering interventions combined with coastal protections and polders have intensified erosion and scouring. This study reports on a three-year monitoring program following the implementation of a Nature-based Solution (NbS) at a previous engineering tidal inlet in the Zwin, located along the Belgian–Dutch coast. In 2019, large-scale modifications to the intertidal zone and the opening of a dyke doubled the surface area of the tidal inlet and its associated tidal marsh. Results revealed rapid and substantial morphological adjustments: the main channel deepened, widened, and migrated eastward. Sediment balance analyses showed stability at the inlet entrance but material loss further inland. Tidal prism and cross-sectional measurements indicated a fourfold increase in tidal prism immediately after NbS implementation, triggering strong channel responses. Within a year, the channel cross-sectional area reached a new equilibrium, which remained stable in the following years. These patterns highlight active sediment transport driven by coupled hydrodynamic and morphodynamic processes. Using an extensive data set, a conceptual model is presented to illustrate how the NbS influenced tidal inlet dynamics through the interaction of flow and sedimentation processes.
