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Antiganglioside antibody frequency in routine clinical care settings
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Antiganglioside antibody frequency in routine clinical care settings
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Journal Article
Antiganglioside antibody frequency in routine clinical care settings
2024
Overview
Background and purpose Antiganglioside antibodies (AGAs) might be involved in the etiopathogenesis of many neurological diseases, such as Miller–Fisher syndrome (MFS) and Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS). Available comprehensive reference data regarding AGA positivity rates and cross‐responsiveness among AGAs (where one line immunoblot is positive for ≥1 AGA) during routine clinical care are scant. Methods In this 10‐year monocentric retrospective study, 3560 immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM line blots (GA Generic Assays' Anti‐Ganglioside Dot kit) obtained using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples from 1342 patients were analyzed for AGA positivity in terms of 14 diagnosis categories and AGA cross‐responsiveness. Results Of all 3560 line blots 158 (4.4%) and of all CSF samples 0.4% (4/924) CSF line blots were AGA positive. For serum IgG, blots with positivity rates higher than the standard deviation of 15.6% were associated with MFS (GD3, GD1a, GT1a and GQ1b) and acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) (GM1, GD1a and GT1a). For serum IgM, blots with positivity rates higher than the standard deviation of 8.1% were associated with AMAN (GM2, GT1a and GQ1b), MFS (GM1, GT1a and GQ1b), multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) (GM1, GM2 and GQ1b) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) (GM1). Cross‐responsiveness was observed in 39.6% of all positive serum AGA. Conclusions Testing for AGAs during routine clinical care rarely led to positive findings, both in serum and even less in CSF, except for the diagnoses AMAN, MFS, MMN and CIDP. Nonspecific findings found as cross‐responsiveness between different AGA samples occur frequently, impacting the positivity of most AGA subtypes.
Publisher
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Subject
/ Aged
/ Autoantibodies - cerebrospinal fluid
/ Female
/ Guillain-Barre Syndrome - blood
/ Guillain-Barre Syndrome - cerebrospinal fluid
/ Guillain-Barre Syndrome - diagnosis
/ Guillain-Barre Syndrome - immunology
/ Humans
/ Immunoglobulin G - cerebrospinal fluid
/ Immunoglobulin M - cerebrospinal fluid
/ Male
/ Miller Fisher Syndrome - blood
/ Miller Fisher Syndrome - cerebrospinal fluid
/ Miller Fisher Syndrome - diagnosis
/ Miller Fisher Syndrome - immunology
