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Emerging MDR-Pseudomonas aeruginosa in fish commonly harbor oprL and toxA virulence genes and blaTEM, blaCTX-M, and tetA antibiotic-resistance genes
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Emerging MDR-Pseudomonas aeruginosa in fish commonly harbor oprL and toxA virulence genes and blaTEM, blaCTX-M, and tetA antibiotic-resistance genes
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Journal Article
Emerging MDR-Pseudomonas aeruginosa in fish commonly harbor oprL and toxA virulence genes and blaTEM, blaCTX-M, and tetA antibiotic-resistance genes
2020
Overview
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, antibiogram of
Pseudomonas
aeruginosa
(
P.
aeruginosa
), and the distribution of virulence genes (
opr
L
,
exo
S,
phz
M, and
tox
A) and the antibiotic-resistance genes (
bla
T
EM
,
tet
A, and
bla
CTX-M
). A total of 285 fish (165
Oreochromis
niloticus
and 120
Clarias
gariepinus
) were collected randomly from private fish farms in Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. The collected specimens were examined bacteriologically.
P
.
aeruginosa
was isolated from 90 examined fish (31.57%), and the liver was the most prominent infected organ. The antibiogram of the isolated strains was determined using a disc diffusion method, where the tested strains exhibited multi-drug resistance (MDR) to amoxicillin, cefotaxime, tetracycline, and gentamicin. The PCR results revealed that all the examined strains harbored (
opr
L and
tox
A) virulence genes, while only 22.2% were positive for the
phz
M gene. On the contrary, none of the tested strains were positive for the
exo
S gene. Concerning the distribution of the antibiotic resistance genes, the examined strains harbored
bla
TEM
,
bla
CTX-M
,
and
tet
A genes with a total prevalence of 83.3%, 77.7%, and 75.6%, respectively. Experimentally infected fish with
P.
aeruginosa
displayed high mortalities in direct proportion to the encoded virulence genes and showed similar signs of septicemia found in the naturally infected one. In conclusion,
P.
aeruginosa
is a major pathogen of
O.
niloticus
and
C.
gariepinus.
opr
L and
tox
A genes are the most predominant virulence genes associated with
P.
aeruginosa
infection. The
bla
CTX
-M
,
bla
TEM
, and
tet
A genes are the main antibiotic-resistance genes that induce resistance patterns to cefotaxime, amoxicillin, and tetracycline, highlighting MDR
P.
aeruginosa
strains of potential public health concern.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK
Subject
