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Cities and the Anthropocene
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Cities and the Anthropocene
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Journal Article
Cities and the Anthropocene
2020
Overview
The emerging ‘grand challenges’ of climate change, resource scarcity and population growth present a risk nexus to cities in the Anthropocene. This article discusses the potential that rapid urbanisation presents to help mitigate these risks through large-scale transitions if future urban development is delivered using evidence-based policies that promote regenerative urban outcomes (e.g. decarbonising energy, recycling water and waste, generating local food, integrating biodiversity). Observations from an Australian case study are used to describe urban governance approaches capable of supporting regenerative urbanism. The regenerative urbanism concept is associated with macro-scale urban and transport planning that shapes different urban fabrics (walking, transit, automobile), as the underlying infrastructure of each fabric exhibits a different performance, with automobile fabric being the least regenerative. Supporting urban systems based upon regenerative design principles at different scales (macro, meso and micro) can deliver deep and dramatic outcomes for not just reducing the impact of the grand challenges but turning them into regenerative change. In combination, these approaches form the cornerstone of regenerative cities that can address the grand challenges of the Anthropocene, while simultaneously improving livability and urban productivity to foster human flourishing.
气候变化、资源稀缺和人口增长等新出现的“巨大挑战”为人类世的城市带来了一系列风险。本文所探讨的是，如果未来的城市发展是采用以证据为基础的政策，从而促进“再生性城市”结果（如脱碳能源，水和废物循环，食品生产本地化，重回生物多样性的各个领域），快速城市化将产生的一种潜能，这种潜能可以通过大规模转变减轻这些风险。澳大利亚案例研究的观察结果用于说明能够支持再生性城市化的城市治理方法。再生性城市化概念与宏观规模的城市和交通规划相关联。城市规划形成不同的城市构造（步行，公交，私家车），而每种构造的基础设施则表现出不同的性能，私家车构造是最不具有再生性的。基于不同层面（宏观，中观和微观）的再生性设计原则支持城市系统，这可以带来深刻而显著的结果，不仅可以减少上述“巨大挑战”的影响，还可以将其转变为再生性变革。这些方法结合起来，便构成了再生性城市的基石，可以应对人类世的巨大挑战，同时提高宜居性和城市生产力，促进人类繁荣。
