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Rent-seeking middle classes and the short-term rental business in inner-city Lima
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Rent-seeking middle classes and the short-term rental business in inner-city Lima
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Journal Article
Rent-seeking middle classes and the short-term rental business in inner-city Lima
2020
Overview
Between 2007 and 2017, Lima experienced an unprecedented growth of the construction sector and an increase in high-rise condominiums. Urban land as a strategic resource has altered the spatial configuration of Lima’s central districts. This paper presents the results of a case study of Barranco, a central and emblematic district of Lima that underwent an intense real estate boom. In our assessment, we connect the recent touristification and gentrification debates to develop a new pattern of Latin American gentrification. We argue that Barranco’s consolidation as a tourist destination, along with the relaxation of local construction policies, has led to the development of one-bedroom apartments in high-rise condominiums destined mainly to be rented out to tourists and other types of floating population. This urban restructuring model has created new business opportunities for what we call a rent-seeking middle class, keen to invest in real estate as an alternative means to increase their income. By way of discussion, we argue that the case of Barranco exemplifies a new trend in Latin American gentrification which is not characterised by an influx of the urban middle class into central areas, nor by a massive physical displacement of lower-income residents, but by the growing purchasing power of a wealthier middle-class group investing in the short-term rental business in combination with other enabling factors.
2007年至2017年间，利马的建筑行业经历了前所未有的增长，高层公寓也有所增加。城市土地作为一种战略资源改变了利马中心区的空间配置。本文介绍了巴兰科（Barranco）案例研究的结果，巴兰科是利马的一个中心和标志性区域，经历了一场猛烈的房地产繁荣。在我们的评估中，我们将最近的旅游化和绅士化辩论联系起来，以制定一种新的拉丁美洲绅士化模式。我们认为，巴兰科作为旅游目的地的整合，以及当地建筑政策的放松，导致了高层公寓中一居室公寓的开发，这些公寓主要出租给游客和其他类型的流动人口。这种城市重组模式为所谓的“寻租中产阶级”创造了新的商业机会，他们热衷于投资房地产，以此作为增加收入的替代手段。通过讨论，我们认为巴兰科的案例体现了拉丁美洲绅士化的一种新趋势，其特征不是城市中产阶级涌入中心区，也不是低收入居民被大量驱逐，而是投资于短期租赁业务的富裕中产阶级群体的购买力不断增长以及其他有利因素。
