Journal Article

Organic Selenium Alleviates Ammonia-Mediated Abnormal Autophagy by Regulating Inflammatory Pathways and the Keap1/Nrf2 Axis in the Hypothalamus of Finishing Pigs

Bao, Jun, Wang, Jianxing, Li, Yutao, Liu, Honggui, Wang, Yulai, Han, Qi, Wang, Jing

2023

Overview

Ammonia is a significant pollutant in the livestock houses and the atmospheric environment, and excessive ammonia would harm the health of livestock and breeders. Previous studies have shown that ammonia exposure could damage the tissue structure of the nervous system, but the molecular mechanism of ammonia-induced hypothalamus damage was still unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of excessive ammonia in abnormal autophagy of pig hypothalamus and whether selenomethionine would have a mitigating effect on ammonia toxicity. Twenty-four 18-week pigs were randomly divided into four groups: the control group (C group), the selenium group (Se group), the ammonia + selenium group (A + Se group), and the ammonia group (A group). In our study, the expression levels of NF-κB, IL-1β, iNOS, TNF-α, IKK-α, p-IKK-α, Nrf2, ATG5, ATG 10, ATG 12, LC3 I/II, HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 were increased after ammonia exposure; meanwhile, IFN-γ, IKB-α, p-IKB-α, Keap1, P62, mTOR, AKT, p-AKT, PI3K, SQSTM, and Beclin1 showed decreasing trends. The results indicated that excessive ammonia inhalation inhibited the AKT/mTOR pathway to acclerated autophagy through oxidative stress-mediated inflammation in the porcine hypothalamus. L-selenomethionine could alleviate hypothalamus injury induced by ammonia exposure.

• Publisher: Springer US,Springer Nature B.V
• Subject: 1-Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase / AKT protein / Ammonia / Ammonia - metabolism / Ammonia - pharmacology / Animals / Autophagy / Biochemistry / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Biotechnology / breathing / Damage / Exposure / Hsp60 protein / Hsp70 protein / Hsp90 protein / Hypothalamus / Hypothalamus - metabolism / IKK protein / Inflammation / Inhalation / Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1 - metabolism / Life Sciences / Livestock / Livestock housing / Molecular modelling / Nervous system / NF-E2-Related Factor 2 - metabolism / NF-κB protein / Nitric-oxide synthase / Nutrition / Oncology / Oxidative Stress / phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase / pollutants / Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt - metabolism / Respiration / Selenium / Selenium - metabolism / Selenium - pharmacology / Selenomethionine / Selenomethionine - pharmacology / Swine / TOR protein / TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases - metabolism / Toxicity / Tumor necrosis factor-α / γ-Interferon