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Predictability of demographic rates based on phylogeny and biological similarity
Predictability of demographic rates based on phylogeny and biological similarity
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Predictability of demographic rates based on phylogeny and biological similarity
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Predictability of demographic rates based on phylogeny and biological similarity
Predictability of demographic rates based on phylogeny and biological similarity
Journal Article

Predictability of demographic rates based on phylogeny and biological similarity

2018
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Overview
Lack of demographic data for most of the world's threatened species is a widespread problem that precludes viability-based status assessments for species conservation. A commonly suggested solution is to use data from species that are closely related or biologically similar to the focal species. This approach assumes similar species and populations of the same species have similar demographic rates, an assumption that has yet to be thoroughly tested. We constructed a Bayesian hierarchical model with data on 425 plant species to predict demographic rates (intrinsic rate of population growth, recruit survival, juvenile survival, adult survival, and fecundity) based on biological traits and phylogenetic relatedness. Generally, we found small effects of species-level traits (except woody polycarpic species tended to have high adult survival rates that increased with plant height) and a weak phylogenetic signal for 4 of the 5 demographic parameters examined. Patterns were stronger in adult survival and fecundity than other demographic rates; however, the unexplained variances at both the species and population levels were high for all demographic rates. For species lacking demographic data, our model produced large, often inaccurate, prediction intervals that may not be useful in a management context. Ourfindings do not support the assumption that biologically similar or closely related species have similar demographic rates and provide further evidence that direct monitoring of focal species and populations is necessary for informing conservation status assessments. La falta de datos demográficos para la mayoría de las especies amenazadas del mundo es un problema ampliamente distribuido que descarta las evaluaciones de estado basadas en la viabilidad para la conservación de las especies. Una sugerencia común es el uso de datos de otras especies que están relacionadas de manera cercana o que son similares biológicamente a la especiefocal. Esta estrategia asume que las especies similares y poblaciones de la misma especie tienen tasas demográficas similares, una suposición que aún no ha sido probada minuciosamente. Construimos un modelo bayesiano de jerarquías con datos de 425 especies de plantas para predecir las tasas demográficas (tasa intrínseca de crecimiento poblacional, supervivencia de reclutas, supervivencia de juveniles, supervivencia de adultos, y fecundidad) con base en los rasgos biológicos y las relacionesfilogenéticas. En general, encontramos efectos menores de las características a nivel de especie (excepto en las especies leñosas policárpicas, que tuvieron la tendencia de una tasa alta de supervivencia en adultos que incrementaba con la altura de la planta) y una señal filogenética débil para cuatro de los cinco parámetros demográficos que se examinaron. Los patrones fueron más fuertes en la supervivencia de adultos y en la fecundidad que en otras tasas demográficas; sin embargo, las varianzas sin explicación a nivel de especie y de población fueron altas para todas las tasas demográficas. Nuestro modelo produjo intervalos de predicción grandes, con frecuencia erróneos, para las especies que carecen de datos demográficos, lo cual puede que no sea útil en un contexto de manejo. Nuestros resultados no apoyan la suposición de que las especies relacionadas de manera cercana o similares biológicamente tienen tasas demográficas similares y proporcionan mayor evidencia de que el monitoreo directo de las especies y poblaciones focales es necesario para informar a las evaluaciones de estado de conservación. 世界上的受胁迫物种大多缺少种群动态数据,这个普遍存在的问题妨碍了基于种群生存力的物种保护瀕 危状态评估。为解决这个问题, 一般会建议使用系统发育上相近或是生物学特性相似的其它物种的数据。这种 方法假定相似物种或同一物种的种群之间有相似的种群动态特征,然而这个假设目前尚未得到彻底的检验。本 研究中,我们基于生物字性状和糸统发胥夭糸,用425柙植物的奴据构建f ー个災旰斯层次:模型来预测柙群功恐 参数辦群内禀增长率、补充率、幼苗存活率、成树存活率和繁殖力)。总体上,我们发现物种水平的性状影响 不大( 除了木本多心皮植物随植株高度増加,成树存活率倾向于増加),我们检验的五个种群动态参数中有四个 存在较弱的系统发育信号。种群动态参数中成树存活率和繁殖力的规律最为明显,•然面,物种水平和种群水平的 种群动态参数的无法解释的变异都很大。对于缺乏种群动态数据的物种,我们的模型得到了较大且往往不够准 确的而预测区间,而这对管理来说可能没有用处。我们的研究结果并不支持生物学上相似或系统发育关系近的 物种的种群动态也相似的假设,却提供了进ー步证据证明对目标物种和种群的直接监测是物种保护状况评估的 身霜条件。