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Drug-mediated metabolic tipping between antibiotic resistant states in a mixed-species community
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Drug-mediated metabolic tipping between antibiotic resistant states in a mixed-species community
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Journal Article
Drug-mediated metabolic tipping between antibiotic resistant states in a mixed-species community
2018
Overview
Microbes rarely exist in isolation, rather, they form intricate multi-species communities that colonize our bodies and inserted medical devices. However, the efficacy of antimicrobials is measured in clinical laboratories exclusively using microbial monocultures. Here, to determine how multi-species interactions mediate selection for resistance during antibiotic treatment, particularly following drug withdrawal, we study a laboratory community consisting of two microbial pathogens. Single-species dose responses are a poor predictor of community dynamics during treatment so, to better understand those dynamics, we introduce the concept of a dose-response mosaic, a multi-dimensional map that indicates how species’ abundance is affected by changes in abiotic conditions. We study the dose-response mosaic of a two-species community with a ‘Gene × Gene × Environment × Environment’ ecological interaction whereby Candida glabrata, which is resistant to the antifungal drug fluconazole, competes for survival with Candida albicans, which is susceptible to fluconazole. The mosaic comprises several zones that delineate abiotic conditions where each species dominates. Zones are separated by loci of bifurcations and tipping points that identify what environmental changes can trigger the loss of either species. Observations of the laboratory communities corroborated theory, showing that changes in both antibiotic concentration and nutrient availability can push populations beyond tipping points, thus creating irreversible shifts in community composition from drug-sensitive to drug-resistant species. This has an important consequence: resistant species can increase in frequency even if an antibiotic is withdrawn because, unwittingly, a tipping point was passed during treatment.
Single-species antibiotic dose response is a poor predictor of multi-species community dynamics because it cannot foresee the tipping points that cause irreversible changes in resistance that persist even when treatment stops.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ Antifungal Agents - pharmacology
/ Biological and Physical Anthropology
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Candida albicans - drug effects
/ Candida albicans - growth & development
/ Candida glabrata - drug effects
/ Candida glabrata - growth & development
/ Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
/ Ecology
/ Species
/ Zoology
