Journal Article

New therapeutic strategies are associated with a significant decrease in colectomy rate in pediatric ulcerative colitis

Gower-Rousseau, Corinne, Dupont, Claire, Savoye, Guillaume, Bertrand, Valérie, Turck, Dominique, Spyckerelle, Claire, Sarter, Hélène, Leroyer, Ariane, Fumery, Mathurin, Wils, Pauline, Guillon, Nathalie, Ley, Delphine

2023

Overview

We evaluated the impact of immunosuppressants (IS) and antitumor necrosis factor (TNF) introduction on long-term outcomes of ulcerative colitis (UC) in a large population-based pediatric-onset cohort. All patients included in the EPIMAD registry with a diagnosis of UC made before the age of 17 years between 1988 and 2011 were followed up retrospectively until 2013. Medication exposure and disease outcomes were compared between 3 diagnostic periods: 1988 to 1993 (period [P] 1; pre-IS era), 1994 to 2000 (P2; pre-anti-TNF era), and 2001 to 2011 (P3; anti-TNF era). A total of 337 patients (female, 57%) diagnosed with UC were followed up during a median duration of 7.2 years (interquartile range 3.8-13.0). The IS and anti-TNF exposure rates at 5 years increased over time from 7.8% (P1) to 63.8% (P3) and from 0% (P1) to 37.2% (P3), respectively. In parallel, the risk of colectomy at 5 years decreased significantly over time (P1, 17%; P2, 19%; and P3, 9%; P = 0.045, P -trend = 0.027) and between the pre-anti-TNF era (P1 + P2, 18%) and the anti-TNF era (P3, 9%) ( P = 0.013). The risk of disease extension at 5 years remained stable over time (P1, 36%, P2, 32%, and P3, 34%; P = 0.31, P -trend = 0.52) and between the pre-anti-TNF era (P1 + P2, 34%) and the anti-TNF era (P3, 34%) ( P = 0.92). The risk of flare-related hospitalization at 5 years significantly increased over time (P1, 16%; P2, 27%; P3, 42%; P = 0.0012, P -trend = 0.0006) and between the pre-anti-TNF era (P1 + P2, 23%) and the anti-TNF era (P3, 42%) ( P = 0.0004). In parallel with the increased use of IS and anti-TNF, an important decline in the risk of colectomy in pediatric-onset UC was observed at the population level.

• Publisher: Wolters Kluwer,Wolters Kluwer Health Medical Research, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins,Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
• Subject: Adolescent / Child / Cohort analysis / Colectomy / Colitis, Ulcerative - diagnosis / Colitis, Ulcerative - drug therapy / Colitis, Ulcerative - surgery / Colorectal surgery / Data collection / Endoscopy / Female / Gastroenterology / Hospitalization / Human health and pathology / Humans / Immunosuppressive Agents - therapeutic use / Inflammatory bowel disease / Life Sciences / Medical records / Patients / Pediatrics / Population / Retrospective Studies / Steroids / Surgery / Surgical anastomosis / Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors - therapeutic use