Journal Article

Optimal Sizing of Renewable Energy Communities: A Multiple Swarms Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization Approach

Mariano, Sílvio, Marques, Carlos, Faria, João, Pombo, José, Calado, Maria do Rosário

2023

Overview

Renewable energy communities have gained popularity as a means of reducing carbon emissions and enhancing energy independence. However, determining the optimal sizing for each production and storage unit within these communities poses challenges due to conflicting objectives, such as minimizing costs while maximizing energy production. To address this issue, this paper employs a Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) algorithm with multiple swarms. This approach aims to foster a broader diversity of solutions while concurrently ensuring a good plurality of nondominant solutions that define a Pareto frontier. To evaluate the effectiveness and reliability of this approach, four case studies with different energy management strategies focused on real-world operations were evaluated, aiming to replicate the practical challenges encountered in actual renewable energy communities. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in determining the optimal size of production and storage units within renewable energy communities, while simultaneously addressing multiple conflicting objectives, including economic viability and flexibility, specifically Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE), Self-Consumption Ratio (SCR) and Self-Sufficiency Ratio (SSR). The findings also provide valuable insights that clarify which energy management strategies are most suitable for this type of community.

• Publisher: MDPI AG
• Subject: Air quality management / Algorithms / Alternative energy sources / Analysis / Case studies / Collaboration / Decentralization / Decision theory / Emissions (Pollution) / Energy efficiency / Energy industry / Energy management / energy management strategies / Energy management systems / Energy resources / Energy storage / energy storage sharing / energy storage systems / Linear programming / Mathematical optimization / Mathematical programming / multi-objective optimization algorithm / multi-swarm MOPSO / Natural resources / Neural networks / Optimization algorithms / Optimization techniques / Prices / renewable energy community (REC) / Renewable resources / Strategic planning (Business)