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Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in the United States During the 2016–2017 Season
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Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in the United States During the 2016–2017 Season
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Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in the United States During the 2016–2017 Season
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Journal Article
Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in the United States During the 2016–2017 Season
2019
Overview
Abstract
Background
In recent influenza seasons, the effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccines against circulating A(H3N2) virus has been lower than against A(H1N1)pdm09 and B viruses, even when circulating viruses remained antigenically similar to vaccine components.
Methods
During the 2016–2017 influenza season, vaccine effectiveness (VE) across age groups and vaccine types was examined among outpatients with acute respiratory illness at 5 US sites using a test-negative design that compared the odds of vaccination among reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction–confirmed influenza positives and negatives.
Results
Among 7083 enrollees, 1342 (19%) tested positive for influenza A(H3N2), 648 (9%) were positive for influenza B (including B/Yamagata, n = 577), and 5040 (71%) were influenza negative. Vaccine effectiveness was 40% (95% confidence interval [CI], 32% to 46%) against any influenza virus, 33% (95% CI, 23% to 41%) against influenza A(H3N2) viruses, and 53% (95% CI, 43% to 61%) against influenza B viruses.
Conclusions
The 2016–2017 influenza vaccines provided moderate protection against any influenza among outpatients but were less protective against influenza A(H3N2) viruses than B viruses. Approaches to improving effectiveness against A(H3N2) viruses are needed.
The 2016–2017 influenza vaccines provided moderate protection against any influenza among outpatients but were less protective against influenza A(H3N2) viruses than B viruses.
Publisher
Oxford University Press
Subject
/ Adult
/ Aged
/ Child
/ Female
/ Humans
/ Immunization - statistics & numerical data
/ Infant
/ Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype
/ Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype
/ Influenza Vaccines - immunology
/ Influenza Vaccines - standards
/ Influenza, Human - immunology
/ Influenza, Human - prevention & control
/ Male
/ Outpatients - statistics & numerical data
/ Seasons
