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Comparative Analysis of Whitening Outcomes of Over-the-Counter Toothpastes: An In Vitro Study
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Comparative Analysis of Whitening Outcomes of Over-the-Counter Toothpastes: An In Vitro Study
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Comparative Analysis of Whitening Outcomes of Over-the-Counter Toothpastes: An In Vitro Study
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Journal Article
Comparative Analysis of Whitening Outcomes of Over-the-Counter Toothpastes: An In Vitro Study
2025
Overview
Background/Objectives: Whiter teeth are widely accepted as the most beautiful. With the growing demand for whiter teeth, several manufacturers have launched different brands of whitening toothpaste claiming to be effective in removing tooth stains and whitening teeth. The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the whitening effect of eight over-the-counter available toothpastes by measuring the changes in color using a digital colorimeter in a simulated staining–brushing cycle model. Methods: A total of 32 extracted bovine enamel were polished with 1000–2000 grit SIC paper and immersed in a tea staining solution for 30 min at 37 °C to create extrinsic staining. The specimens were randomly divided into eight groups (n = 4) and subjected to a staining–brushing cycle for 2 weeks. During this period, the specimens were stained for 5 min twice, brushed for 2 min twice per day, and immersed in artificial saliva for the remaining time. The colors of the enamel surfaces L*, a*, and b* were recorded, and the color difference (ΔE) was measured before the treatment and after 1 and 2 weeks of the staining–brushing cycle. Results: The repeated measures showed a significant reduction of (ΔE) after 1 week of the staining–brushing cycle in all eight experimental groups (p < 0.05). The (ΔE) was significantly reduced after the second week of the staining–brushing cycle in groups 1, 3, and 5 (p < 0.05). However, it was insignificant in groups 2, 6, 7, and 8 (p > 0.05). Among the tested materials, group 1 showed the highest and group 8 showed the lowest teeth-whitening effects. Conclusions: The over-the-counter toothpaste used in this study showed effective teeth-whitening. Charcoal-based toothpaste showed the highest efficiency in teeth whitening.
