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Estimating irrigation water use for date palm using remote sensing over an oasis in arid region
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Estimating irrigation water use for date palm using remote sensing over an oasis in arid region
Estimating irrigation water use for date palm using remote sensing over an oasis in arid region
Journal Article

Estimating irrigation water use for date palm using remote sensing over an oasis in arid region

2020
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Overview
يحتاج نخيل التمر إلى كمية كافية من المياه ذات الجودة المقبولة للوصول إلى الإنتاجية المتوقعة. أجريت هذه الدراسة في واحة الأحساء التي تقع بالمنطقة الشرقية من المملكة العربية السعودية بهدف تقدير البخرنتح الفعلي (ETa) اليومي، الشهري و السنوي لنخيل التمر باستخدام بيانات القمر الصناعي لاندسات-8 خلال العام 2017/2018. أيضا تمت مقارنة ETa المحسوب و كمية المياه الفعلية المطبقة في الحقل. استخدمت خوارزمية توازن الطاقة السطحية للأرض (SEBAL) المدعومة بالبيانات المناخية لحساب ETa. تم التحقق من صحة مخرجات نمذجة SEBAL باستخدام طريقة Penman-Monteith الخاصة بمنظمة الزراعة و الأغذية التابعة للأمم التحدة (FAO) بجانب المشاهدات و القياسات الحقلية. أوضحت النتائج أن أعلى قيمة يومية لـ ETa لوحظت خلال موسم الصيف كانت 9 ملم/يوم، و أدنى قيمة كانت 2 ملم / يوم كانت أثناء الشتاء. وجد أن متوسط المياه الشهرية المطبقة في المزارع أعلى بنسبة 15 ٪ من المعدل الذي اقترحته نمذجة SEBAL خلال ذروة الصيف. تراوحت ETa السنوية بين 800 و 1400 ملم / السنة، في حين تراوحت متطلبات الري السنوية لنخيل التمر بين 11000-13000 متر3/ السنة. أظهر قياس دقة التحقق وجود توافق كبير بين نمذجة SEBAL و طريقة Penman-Monteith بمتوسط خطأ قياس للجذر التربيعي (RMSE) يبلغ 0.84 ملم/يوم. خلصت الدراسة إلى أن ETa المحسوبة من بيانات الأقمار الصناعية و نمذجة SEBAL تساعد في عملية إدارة مياه ري نخيل التمر اليومية على نطاق المزرعة. كما أن هذه المعلومات ضرورية لمخططي المياه و واضعي السياسات لصياغة الاستراتيجيات و اتخاذ القرارات المناسبة لإدارة الموارد المائية في المناطق الزراعية الكبيرة. Date palm needs sufficient water of acceptable quality to reach its potential yield. The present study conducted in Al-Hassa Oasis located in the Eastern Region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia aiming to estimate the daily, monthly and annual actual evapotranspiration (ETa) for date palm using Landsat-8 satellite data during 2017/2018. Also, an attempted was made to compare between the computed ETa and the actual water applied in the field. The Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) supported by climate data was used to calculate the ETa. The SEBAL model outputs were validated using the FAO Penman-Monteith method coupled with field observation and measurements. The results showed that the highest daily ETa value observed during the summer season was 9 mm. day−1, and the lowest value was 2 mm. day−1 in winter. The mean monthly water applied in the farms was 15% higher than that suggested by SEBAL during the peak summertime. The annual ETa varied between 800 and 1, 400 mm. year−1, while the annual irrigation requirement for date palm was in the range of 11000 – 13000 m3. ha−1. The validation measure showed a significant agreement level between the SEBAL model and the FAO Penman-Monteith method with RMSE of 0.84 mm. day−1. The study concludes that the ETa calculated from the satellite data and the SEBAL model is useful for guiding the daily operation of date palm water management at the farm scale. Also, this information is essential for water planners and policymakers to formulate strategies and make decisions for managing water resources over large agricultural areas.

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