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Journal Article
Exploring antiviral strategies to combat African swine fever
2025
Overview
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF), caused by the highly contagious African swine fever virus (ASFV), poses a significant threat to domestic and wild pigs worldwide. Despite its limited host range and lack of zoonotic potential, ASF has severe socio-economic and environmental consequences. Current control strategies primarily rely on early detection and culling of infected animals, but these measures are insufficient given the rapid spread of the disease. Developing effective therapeutics against ASFV is crucial to prevent further spread and mitigate economic losses. Although vaccination remains critical, recent vaccine approvals in Vietnam have raised safety and efficacy concerns. Moreover, as challenges persist in vaccine development and deployment, particularly in complex field conditions, antiviral agents have emerged as a critical complementary approach. These agents have the potential to mitigate side effects and control viral spread when vaccines alone are insufficient or when animals face simultaneous exposure to vaccine strains and wild-type viruses. However, advancing them from proof-of-concept to widespread practical application entails a significant interdisciplinary effort, given the logistical and economic constraints of in vivo testing. In this review, we examine emerging antiviral approaches and highlight key ASFV replication mechanisms and therapeutic targets to guide rational drug design amidst an evolving viral landscape.
This review provides an updated synthesis of recent advances in ASF antiviral strategies, identifying key viral replication mechanisms and therapeutic targets, and emphasizes the importance of coordinated efforts to overcome experimental constraints and translate these findings into effective means of disease control.
Publisher
Oxford University Press
Subject
/ African Swine Fever - drug therapy
/ African Swine Fever - prevention & control
/ African Swine Fever - virology
/ African Swine Fever Virus - drug effects
/ African Swine Fever Virus - immunology
/ Animals
/ Antiviral Agents - pharmacology
/ Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use
/ Fever
/ Review
/ Swine
/ Vaccines
