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Export of a Vibrio parahaemolyticus toxin by the Sec and type III secretion machineries in tandem
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Export of a Vibrio parahaemolyticus toxin by the Sec and type III secretion machineries in tandem
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Journal Article
Export of a Vibrio parahaemolyticus toxin by the Sec and type III secretion machineries in tandem
2019
Overview
Many Gram-negative pathogens utilize dedicated secretion systems to export virulence factors such as exotoxins and effectors
1
–
4
. Several exotoxins are synthesized as precursors containing amino-terminal Sec signal peptides and are exported through the inner-membrane-bound Sec machinery to the periplasm, followed by secretion across the outer membrane to the exterior using a type II secretion system (T2SS)
3
,
5
. Here, we report that thermostable direct haemolysin (TDH), an exotoxin of the food-borne pathogen
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
, can be exported through the type III secretion system (T3SS), which engages in one-step secretion of effectors
4
, despite possessing a Sec signal peptide and being mainly secreted via the T2SS. Although the precursor of TDH is targeted to the Sec pathway, a fraction of mature TDH was observed to re-enter the bacterial cytoplasm. The N terminus of mature TDH comprises a T3SS signal sequence, allowing it to be loaded into the T3SS. We also show that T3SS-delivered TDH as an effector contributes to intestinal fluid accumulation in a rabbit diarrhoeal model of
V.
parahaemolyticus
infection. Thus, our results show that an unconventional export mechanism for a bacterial toxin via the T3SS in tandem with the Sec machinery facilitates the virulence trait of
V.
parahaemolyticus
.
The
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
toxin, thermostable direct haemolysin, utilizes secretion by both type II and type III secretion systems to induce virulence traits.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ 64
/ 64/60
/ 82/1
/ 82/29
/ 82/80
/ 82/83
/ Animals
/ Bacterial Proteins - genetics
/ Bacterial Proteins - metabolism
/ Bacterial Toxins - metabolism
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Exports
/ Female
/ Hemolysin Proteins - metabolism
/ Humans
/ Letter
/ Rabbits
/ Seafood
/ Type III Secretion Systems - genetics
/ Type III Secretion Systems - metabolism
/ Vibrio Infections - microbiology
/ Vibrio parahaemolyticus - genetics
/ Vibrio parahaemolyticus - metabolism
/ Virology
