Journal Article

Ganoderma lucidum dry extract supplementation modulates T lymphocyte function in older women

Manuel, Richelieau, Almeida, Mariana Mendes de, Silva, Eliane Borges da, Hirabara, Sandro Massao, Passos, Maria Elizabeth Pereira, Diniz, Vinícius Leonardo Sousa, Curi, Rui, Masi, Laureane Nunes, Levada-Pires, Adriana Cristina, Lobato, Tiago Bertola, Hatanaka, Elaine, dos Santos de Oliveira, Laiane Cristina, Correa, Ilana Souza, de Oliveira, Sarah Poma, Fabi, João Paulo, Dias, Beatriz Belmiro, Pithon-Curi, Tania Cristina, Alecrim-Zeza, Amanda Lins, Iser-Bem, Patricia Nancy, Gorjao, Renata, Gritte, Raquel Bragante

2024

Overview

Ganoderma lucidum (a mushroom used in traditional Chinese medicine) compounds may attenuate ageing-related physiological changes and restore normal immunity. However, studies on the physiological effects of Ganoderma lucidum dry extract food supplements are few. Therefore, here, we aimed to investigate the effects of Ganoderma lucidum dry extract food supplement on the lymphocyte function of older women. This was a double-blind clinical trial (n 60) with a final 39 older volunteers, divided into two groups Ganoderma lucidum (n 23) and placebo (n 16). The Ganoderma lucidum group received 2000 mg/d of Ganoderma lucidum dry extract for 8 weeks. We used flow cytometry to determine the lymphocyte profile. CD4+ lymphocyte gene expression was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. We observed that in the Ganoderma lucidum group, concanavalin A stimulation increased lymphocyte proliferation. Further, we observed an increase in expression of Forkhead box P3, transforming growth factor-beta, IL-10, IL-6, retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor gamma, GATA-binding protein 3 and interferon gamma genes in the Ganoderma lucidum group. Furthermore, in the Ganoderma lucidum group, ionomycin and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate stimulation led to decrease in Th17+ cells and increase in Th2+ cells. Thus, in older women, Ganoderma lucidum regulates T lymphocyte function leading to a predominant anti-inflammatory action but does not induce T lymphocyte proliferation through CD28 signalling pathway.

• Publisher: Cambridge University Press
• Subject: Acetic acid / Adaptive immunity / Aged / Aging / Body composition / CD28 antigen / CD4 antigen / CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - drug effects / CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - metabolism / Cell proliferation / Cell Proliferation - drug effects / Cholesterol / Clinical trials / Concanavalin A / Concanavalin A - pharmacology / Cytokines / Cytokines - metabolism / Dendritic cells / Diabetes / Dietary Supplements / Double-Blind Method / Exercise / Female / Flow cytometry / Food / Forkhead protein / Forkhead Transcription Factors - genetics / Forkhead Transcription Factors - metabolism / Ganoderma lucidum / GATA-binding protein / GATA3 Transcription Factor - genetics / GATA3 Transcription Factor - metabolism / Gene expression / Gene flow / Growth factors / Helper cells / Herbal medicine / Humans / Immunity (Disease) / Infections / Ionomycin / Lymphocytes / Lymphocytes T / Middle Aged / Molecular weight / Mushrooms / Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3 - genetics / Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3 - metabolism / Nutritional Immunology / Older people / Personal health / Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate / Physiological effects / Physiology / Polymerase chain reaction / Real time / Receptors / Recovery of function / Reishi - chemistry / Retinoic acid / Signal transduction / Stimulation / Traditional Chinese medicine / Urine / Viral infections / Womens health