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Journal Article
Realization of a fractional quantum Hall state with ultracold atoms
2023
Overview
Strongly interacting topological matter
1
exhibits fundamentally new phenomena with potential applications in quantum information technology
2
,
3
. Emblematic instances are fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states
4
, in which the interplay of a magnetic field and strong interactions gives rise to fractionally charged quasi-particles, long-ranged entanglement and anyonic exchange statistics. Progress in engineering synthetic magnetic fields
5
–
21
has raised the hope to create these exotic states in controlled quantum systems. However, except for a recent Laughlin state of light
22
, preparing FQH states in engineered systems remains elusive. Here we realize a FQH state with ultracold atoms in an optical lattice. The state is a lattice version of a bosonic
ν
= 1/2 Laughlin state
4
,
23
with two particles on 16 sites. This minimal system already captures many hallmark features of Laughlin-type FQH states
24
–
28
: we observe a suppression of two-body interactions, we find a distinctive vortex structure in the density correlations and we measure a fractional Hall conductivity of
σ
H
/
σ
0
= 0.6(2) by means of the bulk response to a magnetic perturbation. Furthermore, by tuning the magnetic field, we map out the transition point between the normal and the FQH regime through a spectroscopic investigation of the many-body gap. Our work provides a starting point for exploring highly entangled topological matter with ultracold atoms
29
–
33
.
Using ultracold atoms trapped in an optical lattice, a Laughlin-like fractional quantum Hall state is prepared and mapped out on a microscopic level.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
