Journal Article

Community Health Worker Support for Disadvantaged Patients With Multiple Chronic Diseases: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Huo, Hairong, Long, Judith A., Grande, David, Smith, Robyn A., Mitra, Nandita, Kangovi, Shreya

2017

Overview

Objectives. To determine whether a community health worker (CHW) intervention improved outcomes in a low-income population with multiple chronic conditions. Methods. We conducted a single-blind, randomized clinical trial in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (2013–2014). Participants (n = 302) were high-poverty neighborhood residents, uninsured or publicly insured, and diagnosed with 2 or more chronic diseases (diabetes, obesity, tobacco dependence, hypertension). All patients set a disease-management goal. Patients randomly assigned to CHWs also received 6 months of support tailored to their goals and preferences. Results. Support from CHWs (vs goal-setting alone) led to improvements in several chronic diseases (changes in glycosylated hemoglobin: −0.4 vs 0.0; body mass index: −0.3 vs −0.1; cigarettes per day: −5.5 vs −1.3; systolic blood pressure: −1.8 vs −11.2; overall P = .08), self-rated mental health (12-item Short Form survey; 2.3 vs −0.2; P = .008), and quality of care (Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems; 62.9% vs 38%; P < .001), while reducing hospitalization at 1 year by 28% (P = .11). There were no differences in patient activation or self-rated physical health. Conclusions. A standardized CHW intervention improved chronic disease control, mental health, quality of care, and hospitalizations and could be a useful population health management tool for health care systems. Trial Registration. clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01900470.

• Publisher: American Public Health Association
• Subject: Action research / Adult / Aged / AJPH Research / Ambulatory care / Blood Pressure / Body mass / Body Mass Index / Body size / Body weight / Cardiovascular disease / Chronic conditions / Chronic illnesses / Cigarettes / Clinical outcomes / Clinical research / Clinical trials / Community Health / Community health care / Community health workers / Community Health Workers - organization & administration / Diabetes / Diabetes mellitus / Disadvantaged / Disease / Disease control / Disease management / Education / Female / Glycated Hemoglobin - analysis / Goal setting / Health care / Health care access / Health care industry / Health Service Delivery / Health Status / Hemoglobin / Hospitalization / Humans / Hypertension / Intervention / Literacy / Low income groups / Male / Medical personnel / Medical screening / Medical workers / Mental disorders / Mental Health / Mental health care / Mental health services / Middle Aged / Multiple Chronic Conditions - therapy / Neighborhoods / Obesity / Objectives / Other Chronic Disease / Participatory research / Patients / Philadelphia / Physicians / Poverty / Primary care / Public health / Public Health Workers / Quality / Quality of care / Quality of Health Care - organization & administration / Residents / Self evaluation / Single-Blind Method / Smoking / Smoking - epidemiology / Social support / Socioeconomic Factors / Support groups / Tobacco / Uninsured people / Vulnerable Populations