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Vemurafenib in Multiple Nonmelanoma Cancers with BRAF V600 Mutations
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Vemurafenib in Multiple Nonmelanoma Cancers with BRAF V600 Mutations
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Journal Article
Vemurafenib in Multiple Nonmelanoma Cancers with BRAF V600 Mutations
2015
Overview
In a basket trial that included patients with a variety of cancers, all of which contained a
BRAF
V600 mutation, the rate of response to vemurafenib was highly variable. The histologic context influences the response to BRAF inhibition.
BRAF
V600 mutations occur in approximately 50% of cutaneous melanomas and result in constitutive activation of downstream signaling through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway.
1
,
2
Vemurafenib (Zelboraf, F. Hoffmann–La Roche/Genentech) is a selective oral inhibitor of the
BRAF
V600 kinase and is associated with a response rate of approximately 50% and improved survival among patients with
BRAF
V600E mutation–positive metastatic melanoma.
3
Efforts by the Cancer Genome Atlas
4
and other initiatives to characterize the genetic landscape of most tumor types have identified
BRAF
V600 mutations in nonmelanoma cancers, including colorectal cancer,
5
,
6
non–small-cell lung cancer,
7
papillary thyroid cancer,
8
diffuse gliomas, . . .
Publisher
Massachusetts Medical Society
Subject
/ Antineoplastic Agents - adverse effects
/ Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use
/ Cancer
/ Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung - drug therapy
/ Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung - genetics
/ Central nervous system diseases
/ Female
/ Genes
/ Histiocytosis - drug therapy
/ Humans
/ Langerhans cell histiocytosis
/ Lung Neoplasms - drug therapy
/ Male
/ Melanoma
/ Mutation
/ Patients
/ Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf - genetics
/ Sarcoma
/ Sulfonamides - adverse effects
