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Interleukin 37 reverses the metabolic cost of inflammation, increases oxidative respiration, and improves exercise tolerance
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Interleukin 37 reverses the metabolic cost of inflammation, increases oxidative respiration, and improves exercise tolerance
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Journal Article
Interleukin 37 reverses the metabolic cost of inflammation, increases oxidative respiration, and improves exercise tolerance
2017
Overview
IL-1 family member interleukin 37 (IL-37) has broad antiinflammatory properties and functions as a natural suppressor of innate inflammation. In this study, we demonstrate that treatment with recombinant human IL-37 reverses the decrease in exercise performance observed during systemic inflammation. This effect was associated with a decrease in the levels of plasma and muscle cytokines, comparable in extent to that obtained upon IL-1 receptor blockade. Exogenous administration of IL-37 to healthy mice, not subjected to an inflammatory challenge, also improved exercise performance by 82% compared with vehicle-treated mice (P = 0.01). Treatment with eight daily doses of IL-37 resulted in a further 326% increase in endurance running time compared with the performance level of mice receiving vehicle (P = 0.001). These properties required the engagement of the IL-1 decoy receptor 8 (IL-1R8) and the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), because both inhibition of AMPK and IL-1R8 deficiency abrogated the positive effects of IL-37 on exercise performance. Mechanistically, treatment with IL-37 induced marked metabolic changes with higher levels of muscle AMPK, greater rates of oxygen consumption, and increased oxidative phosphorylation. Metabolomic analyses of plasma and muscles of mice treated with IL-37 revealed an increase in AMP/ATP ratio, reduced levels of proinflammatory mediator succinate and oxidative stress-related metabolites, as well as changes in amino acid and purine metabolism. These effects of IL-37 to limit the metabolic costs of chronic inflammation and to foster exercise tolerance provide a rationale for therapeutic use of IL-37 in the treatment of inflammation-mediated fatigue.
Publisher
National Academy of Sciences
Subject
/ AMP-Activated Protein Kinases - genetics
/ AMP-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism
/ Animals
/ Cell Respiration - drug effects
/ Exercise Tolerance - drug effects
/ Exercise Tolerance - physiology
/ Humans
/ Inflammation - chemically induced
/ Interleukin-1 - pharmacology
/ Male
/ Mice
/ Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects
/ Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism
/ Muscle, Skeletal - pathology
/ Muscles
/ Oxidative Phosphorylation - drug effects
/ Physical Conditioning, Animal - physiology
/ Receptors, Interleukin-1 - genetics
/ Receptors, Interleukin-1 - metabolism
