Journal Article

“I Found Out I was Pregnant, and I Started Feeling Stressed”: A Longitudinal Qualitative Perspective of Mental Health Experiences Among Perinatal Women Living with HIV

Odhiambo, Belinda C, Tuthill, Emily L, Cohen, Craig R, Akama Eliud, Weiser, Sheri D, Pellowski, Jennifer A, Conroy, Amy A, Maltby, Ann E

2021

Overview

Globally, depressive symptoms among pregnant and postpartum (i.e., perinatal) women living with HIV (WLWH) are alarmingly high and associated with poor outcomes such as suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART), and early cessation of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF). Few qualitative studies have described the experience of perinatal depression among WLWH to identify the underlying social-structural determinants of poor mental health and potential strategies to intervene. We conducted a longitudinal qualitative study applying semi-structured interviews with 30 WLWH at three timepoints (28–38 weeks pregnant, 6-weeks postpartum and 5–7 months postpartum) to understand mental health experiences of perinatal WLWH in western Kenya. Financial insecurity emerged as the central theme impacting the mental health of women across time. Financial insecurity was often attributed to the loss of employment, related to pregnancy and the demands of breastfeeding and caring for an infant, as well as a lack of support from male partners. The loss of income and subsequent financial strain contributed to worsening levels of food insecurity and relationship stress and challenged engagement in HIV care. In this way, increased financial strain during the perinatal period negatively impacted the mental health of perinatal WLWH. Our findings suggest support to meet basic needs and remain engaged in HIV care during pregnancy and postpartum could improve perinatal mental health for WLWH in this setting.

• Publisher: Springer Nature B.V
• Subject: Antiretroviral agents / Antiretroviral drugs / Antiretroviral therapy / Basic needs / Breast feeding / Breastfeeding & lactation / Child & adolescent mental health / Economic stress / Employment / Food security / Health behavior / Health planning / Health services / Healthy food / HIV / Human immunodeficiency virus / Infants / Insecurity / Low income groups / Medical treatment / Mental depression / Mental health / Perinatal period / Postpartum / Postpartum depression / Postpartum period / Postpartum women / Pregnancy / Prenatal depression / Qualitative research / Women / Womens health