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Screening of secondary metabolites in cladodes to further decode the domestication process in the genus Opuntia (Cactaceae)
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Screening of secondary metabolites in cladodes to further decode the domestication process in the genus Opuntia (Cactaceae)
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Screening of secondary metabolites in cladodes to further decode the domestication process in the genus Opuntia (Cactaceae)
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Journal Article
Screening of secondary metabolites in cladodes to further decode the domestication process in the genus Opuntia (Cactaceae)
2020
Overview
Main conclusion
During their domestication process, the species of the genus
Opuntia
lose their ability to survive in the wild. Presence and concentration of secondary metabolites which play a role in the interaction with their surroundings are modified but without an identifiable pattern.
A domestication gradient based on morphological characteristics has been previously described for the species in the
Opuntia
genus. Secondary metabolites are a diverse group of bioactive compounds that relate to a species evolution, both in their natural and artificial (domestication process) selection environments. In addition, these compounds are associated with plant resistance to stress when growing in the wild. A comprehensive characterization of secondary metabolite profiles in the
Opuntia
genus that accounts for the genotypic differences related to the degree of domestication has not previously been conducted. This study evaluated the phytochemical composition of young cladodes from fifteen variants, of
O. ficus-indica
,
O. albicarpa
Sheinvar, and
O. megacantha
Salm-Dyck, identified as species with a highly advanced, advanced and intermediate degree of domestication, respectively, and
O. hyptiacantha
A. Web, and
O. streptacantha
Lem. identified as wild-intermediate and wild species. Analyses were carried out using a HPLC-diode array detection technique. Out of the 13 identified and quantified phenolic molecules and terpenoids, only the caffeic, ferulic and syringic acids, and the terpenoid
β-
amyrin were present in all variants. The flavonoid luteolin was absent in all five species. Gallic, vallinic,
p
-hydroxybenzoic, chlorogenic and
p
-coumaric acids were only present in 53–87% of variants; flavonoids quercetin, isorhamnetin, rutin and apigenin in 47–87% of the variants. Both, oleanolic acid and peniocerol, were present only in 60% of variants. Isorhamnetin was absent in
O. hyptiacantha
and quercetin in
O. streptacntha
. Differences and similarities in the secondary metabolites content showed no recognizable trend relating to the degree of domestication across the species in this genus.
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg,Springer Nature B.V
Subject
/ apigenin
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ chemical constituents of plants
/ Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
/ cladodes
/ Ecology
/ Forestry
/ Gallic Acid - analogs & derivatives
/ High-performance liquid chromatography
/ luteolin
/ Opuntia
/ Phenols
/ Quercetin - analogs & derivatives
/ Rutin
/ Species
/ Terpenes
