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Sustained human outbreak of a new MPXV clade I lineage in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo

by Nundu, Sabin S. , Mukadi-Bamuleka, Daniel , Mujula, Yves , Peeters, Martine , Lushima, Robert S. , Belesi-Siangoli, Freddy , Bangwen, Eugene , Kindrachuk, Jason , Akil-Bandali, Prince , Hoff, Nicole A. , Kinganda-Lusamaki, Eddy , Ahuka-Mundeke, Steve , Mohr, Emma L. , Muyembe-Tamfum, Jean-Jacques , Mutimbwa-Mambo, Léandre , Kavunga, Hugo , Amuri-Aziza, Adrienne , Wawina-Bokalanga, Tony , Delaporte, Eric , Sullivan, Nancy J. , Kacita, Cris , Malyamungu-Bubala, Nadine , Mweshi-Kumbana, Franklin , Mbala-Kingebeni, Placide , Brosius, Isabel , Mulopo-Mukanya, Noella , Baxter, Cheryl , Rambaut, Andrew , de Oliveira, Tulio , Tshiani-Mbaya, Olivier , Liesenborghs, Laurens , Pukuta-Simbu, Elisabeth , Sam-Agudu, Nadia A. , Nachega, Jean B. , Abdramane, Ombotimbe , Vercauteren, Koen , Parker, Edyth , Muswamba-Kayembe, Pauline-Chloé , Mills, Edward J. , Rimoin, Anne W. , Makangara-Cigolo, Jean-Claude , Vakaniaki, Emmanuel Hasivirwe , O’Toole, Áine , Hensley, Lisa E. , Ayouba, Ahidjo

in 631/208/176/1988 / 692/699/255/2514 / Adolescent / Adult / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Biomedicine / Brief Communication / Cancer Research / Child / Democratic Republic of the Congo - epidemiology / Disease Outbreaks / Epidemiology / Female / Genome, Viral - genetics / Genomic analysis / Genomics / Humans / Infectious Diseases / Male / Metabolic Diseases / Middle Aged / Molecular Medicine / Monkeypox virus - genetics / Mpox / Mpox, Monkeypox - epidemiology / Mpox, Monkeypox - transmission / Mpox, Monkeypox - virology / Mutation / Neurosciences / Outbreaks / Phylogeny / Polymerase chain reaction / Sexual transmission / Viral diseases / Young Adult

2024

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Sustained human outbreak of a new MPXV clade I lineage in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo

2024

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Sustained human outbreak of a new MPXV clade I lineage in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo

2024

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Journal Article

Sustained human outbreak of a new MPXV clade I lineage in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo

Nundu, Sabin S.,

Mukadi-Bamuleka, Daniel,

Mujula, Yves,

Peeters, Martine,

Lushima, Robert S.,

Belesi-Siangoli, Freddy,

Bangwen, Eugene,

Kindrachuk, Jason,

Akil-Bandali, Prince,

Hoff, Nicole A.,

Kinganda-Lusamaki, Eddy,

Ahuka-Mundeke, Steve,

Mohr, Emma L.,

Muyembe-Tamfum, Jean-Jacques,

Mutimbwa-Mambo, Léandre,

Kavunga, Hugo,

Amuri-Aziza, Adrienne,

Wawina-Bokalanga, Tony,

Delaporte, Eric,

Sullivan, Nancy J.,

Kacita, Cris,

Malyamungu-Bubala, Nadine,

Mweshi-Kumbana, Franklin,

Mbala-Kingebeni, Placide,

Brosius, Isabel,

Mulopo-Mukanya, Noella,

Baxter, Cheryl,

Rambaut, Andrew,

de Oliveira, Tulio,

Tshiani-Mbaya, Olivier,

Liesenborghs, Laurens,

Pukuta-Simbu, Elisabeth,

Sam-Agudu, Nadia A.,

Nachega, Jean B.,

Abdramane, Ombotimbe,

Vercauteren, Koen,

Parker, Edyth,

Muswamba-Kayembe, Pauline-Chloé,

Mills, Edward J.,

Rimoin, Anne W.,

Makangara-Cigolo, Jean-Claude,

Vakaniaki, Emmanuel Hasivirwe,

O’Toole, Áine,

Hensley, Lisa E.,

Ayouba, Ahidjo

2024

Overview

Outbreaks of monkeypox (mpox) have historically resulted from zoonotic spillover of clade I monkeypox virus (MPXV) in Central Africa and clade II MPXV in West Africa. In 2022, subclade IIb caused a global epidemic linked to transmission through sexual contact. Here we describe the epidemiological and genomic features of an mpox outbreak in a mining region in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, caused by clade I MPXV. Surveillance data collected between September 2023 and January 2024 identified 241 suspected cases. Genomic analysis demonstrates a distinct clade I lineage divergent from previously circulating strains in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Of the 108 polymerase chain reaction-confirmed mpox cases, the median age of individuals was 22 years, 51.9% were female and 29% were sex workers, suggesting a potential role for sexual transmission. The predominance of APOBEC3-type mutations and the estimated emergence time around mid-September 2023 imply recent sustained human-to-human transmission. Genomic and epidemiologic analyses of monkeypox cases stemming from a recent outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo suggest that a new clade I lineage is circulating and that its spread may be linked to sexual transmission.

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Publisher

Nature Publishing Group US,Nature Publishing Group

Subject

631/208/176/1988

/ 692/699/255/2514

/ Adolescent

/ Adult

/ Biomedical and Life Sciences

/ Biomedicine

/ Brief Communication