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Development of gut mycobiome in infants and young children: a prospective cohort study
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Development of gut mycobiome in infants and young children: a prospective cohort study
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Journal Article
Development of gut mycobiome in infants and young children: a prospective cohort study
2023
Overview
Background
The composition of the gut fungal microbiome, mycobiome, is likely associated with human health. Yet, the development of gut mycobiome is poorly understood in infants and children. Here we investigate how perinatal events influence the development of gut mycobiome.
Methods
In this prospective cohort study of 140 infants, we used ITS gene sequencing of fecal samples from birth to the age of 18 months. We compared gut mycobiome composition according to delivery mode and exposure to intrapartum antibiotics during vaginal delivery.
Results
At birth, gut mycobiome were dominated by the genus
Candida
, at 6-month stool samples by
Malassezia
and
Cystofilobasidium
, and the 18-month stool samples by
Trichosporon
and unidentified fungi. Perinatal factors altered mycobiome. At 18 months, gut mycobiome of infants born vaginally consisted mostly of
Trichosporon
(32%) and unidentified fungi (31%), while those born via Cesarean section delivery samples had mycobiome dominated by
Saccharomyces
(50%). At the age of 18 months, those exposed to intrapartum antibiotics had mycobiome dominated by
Trichosporon
(66%) not seen in those unexposed to antibiotics.
Conclusions
Delivery mode and exposure to intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis were markedly associated with gut mycobiome composition from birth to 18 months of age.
Impact
The composition of the gut mycobiome is likely associated with human health. Yet, the development of gut mycobiome is poorly understood in infants and children.
In this prospective cohort study, delivery mode and exposure to intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis were markedly associated with gut mycobiome composition from birth to 18 months of age.
The impact of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis on fungal microbiome in vaginally born infants, previously shown to influence gut bacteriome composition, may be explained by the interaction between bacteria and fungi.
Gut mycobiome composition likely deserves further investigation in relation to gut microbiome and health in children.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group US,Nature Publishing Group
