Journal Article

Achieving the Latest American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology Therapeutic Goals for Hypertension With Combination Therapy and Its Effects on Blood Pressure and Central Hemodynamic Parameters

Ram, C Venkata S, Sawhney, J.P.S, Kumar, Gajjela Praveen, Unni, Govindan, Parthasaradhi, Sarvepalli Vijaya, Ray, Saumitra, Muppalla, Baby Shalini, Jadhav, Uday, Desai, Nagaraj

2022

Overview

The present United States and European treatment guidelines recommend that antihypertensive therapy be initiated with a combination of agents from different classes to facilitate the achievement of control of blood pressure (BP). This prospective, randomized, open-label study was conducted at 3 tertiary hospitals in India to evaluate the effects of combination therapy with an angiotensin receptor blocker and a calcium antagonist on office BP and central hemodynamic parameters in patients with untreated hypertension or uncontrolled BP (>130/>80 mm Hg) during treatment with antihypertensive monotherapy. Patients were randomized to treatment with telmisartan 40 mg/day + amlodipine 5 mg/day or telmisartan 40 mg/day + cilnidipine 10 mg/day. Change from baseline to 8 weeks of treatment was assessed for seated office BP, ambulatory BP monitoring, and seated central hemodynamics (central BP, aortic augmentation index, central aortic augmentation pressure, and pulse wave velocity). A total of 94 of 96 enrolled patients completed the study. From baseline to 8 weeks a significant decrease was observed in both telmisartan + amlodipine and telmisartan + cilnidipine groups for mean BP (148.0 ± 12.80 to 124.0 ± 10.4 and 144.5 ± 10.2 to 123.0 ± 10.0 mm Hg, respectively; both p <0.001); in only telmisartan + amlodipine group for mean central aortic systolic and diastolic BP (131.1 ± 19.1 to 119.7 ± 14.9 mm Hg [p <0.001] and 93.3 ± 12.0 to 89.2 ± 14.6 mm Hg [p = 0.0008], respectively) and for central aortic pulse wave velocity (7.6 ± 1.4 to 7.2 ± 1.3 m/s, p = 0.0011); in only telmisartan + cilnidipine group for aortic augmentation index (27.5 ± 14.6 to 22.3 ± 12.2; p = 0.0178). Heart rate was unchanged in both treatment groups. Combination therapy with an angiotensin receptor blocker and a calcium antagonist effectively reduced BP to below the new <130/80 mm Hg target and had favorable effects on central hemodynamics.

• Publisher: Elsevier Inc,Elsevier Limited
• Subject: American Heart Association / Amlodipine - pharmacology / Amlodipine - therapeutic use / Angiotensin / Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists - pharmacology / Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists - therapeutic use / Antihypertensive Agents - therapeutic use / Antihypertensives / Aorta / Augmentation / Blood Pressure / Calcium / Calcium - therapeutic use / Calcium antagonists / Calcium Channel Blockers / Cardiology / Cilnidipine / Combination therapy / Creatinine / Drug Therapy, Combination / Drugs / Goals / Heart attacks / Heart failure / Heart rate / Hemodynamics / Humans / Hypertension / Hypertension - drug therapy / Laboratories / Parameters / Patients / Pressure effects / Prospective Studies / Pulse Wave Analysis / Receptors / Regression analysis / Telmisartan - pharmacology / Telmisartan - therapeutic use / Therapy / Treatment Outcome / United States - epidemiology / Variance analysis / Velocity / Wave velocity