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Impact of revegetation of the Loess Plateau of China on the regional growing season water balance
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Impact of revegetation of the Loess Plateau of China on the regional growing season water balance
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Journal Article
Impact of revegetation of the Loess Plateau of China on the regional growing season water balance
2020
Overview
To resolve a series of ecological and environmental problems over
the Loess Plateau, the “Grain for Green Program” (GFGP) was initiated at
the end of 1990s. Following the conversion of croplands and bare land on
hillslopes to forests, the Loess Plateau has displayed a significant
greening trend, which has resulted in soil erosion being reduced. However, the GFGP has also
affected the hydrology of the Loess Plateau, which has raised questions regarding
whether the GFGP should be continued in the future. We investigated the
impact of revegetation on the hydrology of the Loess Plateau using
relatively high-resolution simulations and multiple realizations with the
Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Results suggest that
revegetation since the launch of the GFGP has reduced runoff and soil
moisture due to enhanced evapotranspiration. Further revegetation associated
with the GFGP policy is likely to further increase evapotranspiration, and
thereby reduce runoff and soil moisture. The increase in evapotranspiration
is associated with biophysical changes, including deeper roots that deplete
deep soil moisture stores. However, despite the increase in
evapotranspiration, our results show no impact on rainfall. Our study
cautions against further revegetation over the Loess Plateau given the
reduction in water available for agriculture and human settlements and the lack of
any significant compensation from rainfall.
