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Poxvirus MVA Expressing SARS-CoV-2 S Protein Induces Robust Immunity and Protects Rhesus Macaques From SARS-CoV-2

by Montenegro, Dolores , Esteban, Mariano , Bogers, Willy M. J. M. , Delgado, Rafael , Puentes, Eugenia , Niphuis, Henk , Koopman, Gerrit , Acar, Roja Fidel , Kiemenyi-Kayere, Gwendoline , Kondova, Ivanela , Rodríguez, Esteban , Fagrouch, Zahra , de Bruin, Erwin , Verstrepen, Babs E. , Lázaro-Frías, Adrian , Stammes, Marieke A. , Mortier, Daniella , Pérez, Patricia , GeurtsvanKessel, Corine H. , Mooij, Petra , Verschoor, Ernst J. , Luczkowiak, Joanna , García-Arriaza, Juan , Meijer, Lisette , Böszörményi, Kinga P. , Sikkema, Reina S.

in Adenoviruses / Animals / Antibodies / Antibodies, Viral / Bronchus / Clinical trials / Computed tomography / COVID-19 / COVID-19 - prevention & control / COVID-19 Vaccines / Cytokine storm / Disease transmission / Enzymes / Hematology / Humans / Immunogenicity / Immunoglobulin G / Immunology / Infections / Lavage / Macaca mulatta / mRNA vaccines / Mutagenesis / Mutation / MVA vaccine / Pandemics / Proteins / rhesus macaques / safety / SARS-CoV-2 / SARS-CoV-2 - genetics / Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 / spike / Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus / Vaccines / Vaccinia virus - genetics / Viruses / γ-Interferon

2022

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Poxvirus MVA Expressing SARS-CoV-2 S Protein Induces Robust Immunity and Protects Rhesus Macaques From SARS-CoV-2

2022

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Poxvirus MVA Expressing SARS-CoV-2 S Protein Induces Robust Immunity and Protects Rhesus Macaques From SARS-CoV-2

2022

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Journal Article

Poxvirus MVA Expressing SARS-CoV-2 S Protein Induces Robust Immunity and Protects Rhesus Macaques From SARS-CoV-2

Montenegro, Dolores,

Esteban, Mariano,

Bogers, Willy M. J. M.,

Delgado, Rafael,

Puentes, Eugenia,

Niphuis, Henk,

Koopman, Gerrit,

Acar, Roja Fidel,

Kiemenyi-Kayere, Gwendoline,

Kondova, Ivanela,

Rodríguez, Esteban,

Fagrouch, Zahra,

de Bruin, Erwin,

Verstrepen, Babs E.,

Lázaro-Frías, Adrian,

Stammes, Marieke A.,

Mortier, Daniella,

Pérez, Patricia,

GeurtsvanKessel, Corine H.,

Mooij, Petra,

Verschoor, Ernst J.,

Luczkowiak, Joanna,

García-Arriaza, Juan,

Meijer, Lisette,

Böszörményi, Kinga P.,

Sikkema, Reina S.

2022

Overview

Novel safe, immunogenic, and effective vaccines are needed to control the COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2. Here, we describe the safety, robust immunogenicity, and potent efficacy elicited in rhesus macaques by a modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vector expressing a full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein (MVA-S). MVA-S vaccination was well tolerated and induced S and receptor-binding domain (RBD)-binding IgG antibodies and neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and several variants of concern. S-specific IFNγ, but not IL-4, -producing cells were also elicited. After SARS-CoV-2 challenge, vaccinated animals showed a significant strong reduction of virus loads in bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) and decreased levels in throat and nasal mucosa. Remarkably, MVA-S also protected macaques from fever and infection-induced cytokine storm. Computed tomography and histological examination of the lungs showed reduced lung pathology in MVA-S-vaccinated animals. These findings favor the use of MVA-S as a potential vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 in clinical trials.

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Publisher

Frontiers Media SA,Frontiers Media S.A

Subject

/ Animals

/ Computed tomography