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The Inhibitory Effects of Plant Derivate Polyphenols on the Main Protease of SARS Coronavirus 2 and Their Structure–Activity Relationship
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The Inhibitory Effects of Plant Derivate Polyphenols on the Main Protease of SARS Coronavirus 2 and Their Structure–Activity Relationship
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Journal Article
The Inhibitory Effects of Plant Derivate Polyphenols on the Main Protease of SARS Coronavirus 2 and Their Structure–Activity Relationship
2021
Overview
The main protease (Mpro) is a major protease having an important role in viral replication of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the novel coronavirus that caused the pandemic of 2020. Here, active Mpro was obtained as a 34.5 kDa protein by overexpression in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The optimal pH and temperature of Mpro were 7.5 and 37 °C, respectively. Mpro displayed a Km value of 16 μM with Dabcyl-KTSAVLQ↓SGFRKME-Edans. Black garlic extract and 49 polyphenols were studied for their inhibitory effects on purified Mpro. The IC50 values were 137 μg/mL for black garlic extract and 9–197 μM for 15 polyphenols. The mixtures of tannic acid with puerarin, daidzein, and/or myricetin enhanced the inhibitory effects on Mpro. The structure–activity relationship of these polyphenols revealed that the hydroxyl group in C3′, C4′, C5′ in the B-ring, C3 in the C-ring, C7 in A-ring, the double bond between C2 and C3 in the C-ring, and glycosylation at C8 in the A-ring contributed to inhibitory effects of flavonoids on Mpro.
Publisher
MDPI AG,MDPI
Subject
/ Coronavirus 3C Proteases - antagonists & inhibitors
/ Coronavirus 3C Proteases - genetics
/ Coronavirus 3C Proteases - metabolism
/ COVID-19
/ Dimethyl Sulfoxide - pharmacology
/ kinetic
/ Plant Extracts - pharmacology
/ Protease Inhibitors - chemistry
/ Protease Inhibitors - pharmacology
