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Selective Anion Anchoring in MOF-Based Supercapacitors Revealed with Operando Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering
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Selective Anion Anchoring in MOF-Based Supercapacitors Revealed with Operando Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering
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Journal Article
Selective Anion Anchoring in MOF-Based Supercapacitors Revealed with Operando Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering
2025
Overview
Understanding how ions interact with electrodes in electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) is key to advancing energy storage, yet many fundamental aspects remain unclear. Here, we employ operando small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to investigate charge storage in metal-organic framework (MOF)-based supercapacitor electrodes as a model system. Using Ni
3
(2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene)
2
(Ni
3
(HITP)
2
) MOF electrodes and 1 M aqueous sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (NaTFSI) as the electrolyte, we show that TFSI
-
anions are immobilised near MOF pore walls via fluorine-hydrogen interactions with N-H functional groups of the MOF. We quantify the concentration of pinned anions and demonstrate that their immobilization persists across different applied cell voltages, resulting in a cation-dominated charge storage mechanism governed solely by Na
+
adsorption and desorption. Charge balancing is unaffected by whether voltage is applied stepwise or gradually, with no dynamic differences between in-pore and out-of-pore environments and no ion intercalation taking place.
Understanding charge storage in supercapacitors remains a challenge. Here, authors use operando X-ray scattering to show that selective anion immobilization in MOF-based electrodes leads to a cation-driven charge storage mechanism.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
/ Anions
/ Carbon
/ Cations
/ Fluorine
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Science
/ Small angle X ray scattering
/ Sodium
/ Solvents
/ X-rays
