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SH3BGRL proteins are thioredoxin fold–containing actin filament pointed end capping proteins (TPECs)
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SH3BGRL proteins are thioredoxin fold–containing actin filament pointed end capping proteins (TPECs)
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Journal Article
SH3BGRL proteins are thioredoxin fold–containing actin filament pointed end capping proteins (TPECs)
2026
Overview
Cellular actin dynamics are tightly regulated by actin-binding proteins with specialized domains. Here, we identify SH3BGRL proteins as modulators of actin dynamics, characterized by their thioredoxin (Trx) fold and the absence of the canonical enzymatic site. The Trx fold is generally associated with enzymatic activity; however, in this context, it functions non-enzymatically to enhance actin nucleation, inhibit depolymerization and cap the growing pointed end of the actin filament. Our results indicate that all SH3BGRL isoforms weakly promote actin nucleation
in vitro
by stabilizing energetically unstable actin dimers and trimers. Using molecular dynamics simulations and assays that directly probe the pointed end of the actin filament, we show that SH3BGRL proteins efficiently inhibit actin subunit addition at the pointed end by direct association with the terminal actin subunits. However, SH3BGRL proteins are less effective at preventing subunit loss from the pointed end, but they can cooperate with tropomodulin to enhance this activity in an isoform-specific manner, indicating that all isoforms are capable of forming a tripartite complex with actin and tropomodulin. Based on our results, we propose a new and more appropriate name that reflects the function of the SH3BGRL protein family:
t
hioredoxin fold–containing
p
ointed
e
nd
c
apping proteins (TPECs).
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
/ 631/45
/ 631/535
/ 631/57
/ 631/80
/ Actin
/ Actin Capping Proteins - chemistry
/ Actin Capping Proteins - metabolism
/ Actin Cytoskeleton - chemistry
/ Actin Cytoskeleton - metabolism
/ Animals
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Humans
/ Isoforms
/ Molecular Dynamics Simulation
/ Protein Isoforms - chemistry
/ Protein Isoforms - metabolism
/ Proteins
/ Science
/ Yeast
