Journal Article

Geriatric nutritional risk index in antifibrotic therapy can predict tolerability and mortality risk

Toyoshima, Mikio, Suda, Takafumi, Matsushima, Sayomi, Kaida, Yusuke, Furuhashi, Kazuki, Suzuki, Kosuke, Enomoto, Noriyuki, Matsuda, Hiroyuki, Yokomura, Koshi, Asada, Kazuhiro, Tanaka, Kazuki, Ikeda, Masaki, Fujisawa, Tomoyuki, Kato, Shinpei, Yasui, Hideki, Hozumi, Hironao, Inui, Naoki, Masuda, Takuya, Koda, Keigo, Masuda, Toshihiro, Kono, Masato, Inoue, Yusuke, Kanai, Miho, Mochizuka, Yasutaka, Suzuki, Yuzo, Karayama, Masato, Harada, Masanori, Hashimoto, Dai, Niwa, Mitsuru

2026

Overview

No prospective studies have investigated the relationship between nutritional status, tolerability to antifibrotic therapy, and mortality in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). This prospective longitudinal study enrolled 290 consecutive patients with fibrotic ILDs who initiated antifibrotic therapy, including 164 with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and 126 with non-IPF. Nutritional status was assessed using the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI). Overall, 106 patients (36.6%) were classified as having malnutrition-related risk (GNRI < 98) at baseline. The prevalence of malnutrition-related risk was comparable between patients with IPF and non-IPF, although it tended to be higher in the non-IPF group than in the IPF group. Patients with malnutrition-related risk showed higher cumulative incidence of antifibrotic therapy discontinuation. Importantly, in both IPF and non-IPF groups, the mortality risk was significantly higher in patients with malnutrition-related risk than in those without. Longitudinally, a lower GNRI at 1 year was associated with shorter survival. In multivariable analyses, baseline malnutrition-related risk was independently associated with increased risk of therapy discontinuation and mortality, even after adjusting for the ILD–gender–age–physiology index. These findings indicate that assessment of nutritional status helps predict antifibrotic therapy tolerability and mortality risk in patients with fibrotic ILD.

• Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
• Subject: 692/308 / 692/499 / 692/699 / Aged / Aged, 80 and over / Antifibrotic Agents - adverse effects / Antifibrotic Agents - therapeutic use / Antifibrotic therapy / Body mass index / Disease / Dyspnea / Female / Fibrosis / Fibrotic interstitial lung disease / Geriatric Assessment / Geriatric nutritional risk index / Geriatrics / Health risks / Humanities and Social Sciences / Humans / Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis - drug therapy / Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis - mortality / Immunosuppressive agents / Longitudinal Studies / Lung diseases / Lung Diseases, Interstitial - drug therapy / Lung Diseases, Interstitial - mortality / Male / Malnutrition / Malnutrition - complications / Malnutrition-related risk / Middle Aged / Mortality / Mortality risk / multidisciplinary / Nutrition Assessment / Nutritional Status / Oxygen therapy / Prospective Studies / Proteins / Pulmonary fibrosis / Risk Factors / Science / Science (multidisciplinary) / Steroids / Tolerability / Tomography