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Reflections on bio-based PET and plastic waste management: a responsible research and innovation approach
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Reflections on bio-based PET and plastic waste management: a responsible research and innovation approach
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Journal Article
Reflections on bio-based PET and plastic waste management: a responsible research and innovation approach
2026
Overview
Plastics drive twin crises: persistent pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Bio-based approaches using enzymes and microorganisms to depolymerise plastics and valorise monomers show promise but raise societal, ethical and regulatory questions central to Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI). In this Perspective, we reflect on RRI implications of bio-based plastic degradation, informed by stakeholder discussions across the plastics value chain and public engagement. We identify broad support alongside concerns about scalability, interaction with existing recycling, governance and containment of genetically modified organisms, management of additives and contaminants, and the roles of regulation and economic incentives in enabling adoption.
Bio-based approaches to plastic degradation have been an intense area of research in recent years, and although they show great promise, they also raise societal, ethical and regulatory questions. Here the authors reflect on the Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) implications of this growing field, sharing insights they have gained through engagement with stakeholders and the broader public.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
