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Fine-structure constant sensitivity of the Th-229 nuclear clock transition
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Journal Article
Fine-structure constant sensitivity of the Th-229 nuclear clock transition
2025
Overview
Nuclear laser spectroscopy at the 10
−12
precision level (Nature 633.8028 (2024): 63–70) determined the fractional change in the nuclear quadrupole moment of
229
Th upon excitation, Δ
Q
0
/
Q
0
= 1.791(2)%. Such high-accuracy nuclear parameters enable stringent tests and refinement of
229
Th nuclear models. Using a semi-classical prolate-spheroid model, we quantify the transition frequency’s sensitivity to fine-structure constant variations as
K
= 5900(2300), with uncertainty dominated by the measured charge-radius change Δ〈
r
2
〉. This supports the predicted higher
α
-sensitivity of nuclear clocks over atomic clocks, important for new-physics searches. We find Δ
Q
0
strongly dependent on nuclear volume, challenging the constant-volume approximation. The deviation between measured and predicted Δ
Q
0
/
Q
0
underlines the need for improved modeling and measurement of additional nuclear parameters. We explicitly assess the octupole contribution to
α
-sensitivity.
The authors report on new developments on the sensitivity of the nuclear clock transition in Th229 for new physics searches involving variations of the fine-structure constant. This highlights the need for developing of advanced nuclear models and parameter searches relating to experimental measurements.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
