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Effects of Hyphomonas Strains on the Growth of Red Algae Pyropia Species by Attaching Specifically to Their Rhizoids
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Effects of Hyphomonas Strains on the Growth of Red Algae Pyropia Species by Attaching Specifically to Their Rhizoids
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Journal Article
Effects of Hyphomonas Strains on the Growth of Red Algae Pyropia Species by Attaching Specifically to Their Rhizoids
2023
Overview
Bacteria and marine macroalgae form close associations, while various bacteria affect the morphogenesis and growth of macroalgae.
Hyphomonas
strains exhibit normal morphogenetic activity in protoplasts of the red alga
Pyropia yezoensis
(nori). However, the effects of the bacteria on the growth of
Pyropia
from protoplast cells to regenerated thalli remain unknown. Here, we assessed the growth of
P. yezoensis
and
Pyropia tenera
using combined cultures of three
Hyphomonas
strains (LNM10-16, SCM-2, and LNM-9) and three algal media (artificial seawater with vitamins, artificial seawater, and natural seawater) over 7 weeks. Third week after culture, the three
Hyphomonas
strains showed almost similar levels of normal growth activity for both
Pyropia
species. However, at 7 weeks, significant differences were observed among the three
Hyphomonas
strains in terms of length, length-to-width ratio, and normal morphology of
Pyropia
thalli. LNM10-16 significantly promoted the thalli length and length-to-width ratios of both
Pyropia
species in artificial seawater without vitamins and natural seawater, compared with the other two
Hyphomonas
strains.
P. yezoensis
cultured in artificial seawater with vitamins showed a much higher demand for LNM10-16 in development of the thalli length than
P. tenera
. These results may be explained by differences in the growth activities of
Hyphomonas
strains and the nutrient requirements of
Pyropia
species. Furthermore, the bacteria were more specifically attached to the rhizoid surfaces of both species. This study is the first to reveal that
Hyphomonas
strains affect the growth of
Pyropia
species by attaching to their rhizoids.
