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A new class of uracil-DNA glycosylases related to human thymine-DNA glycosylase
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A new class of uracil-DNA glycosylases related to human thymine-DNA glycosylase
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Journal Article
A new class of uracil-DNA glycosylases related to human thymine-DNA glycosylase
1996
Overview
MISPAIRS in DNA of guanine with uracil and thymine can arise as a result of deamination of cytosine and 5-methylcytosine, respectively. In humans such mispairs are removed by thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG)
1–3
. By deleting the carboxy and amino termini of this enzyme we have identified a core region capable of processing G/U but not G/T mispairs. We have further identified two bacterial proteins with strong sequence homology to this core and shown that the homologue from
Escherichia coli
(dsUDG) can remove uracil from G/U mispairs. This enzyme is likely to act as a back-up to the highly efficient and abundant enzyme uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) which is found in most organisms. Pupating insects have been reported to lack UDG activity
4
, but we have identified an enzyme similar to dsUDG in cell lines from three different insect species. These data imply the existence of a family of double-strand-specific uracil-DNA glycosylases which, although they are subservient to UDG in most organisms, may constitute the first line of defence against the mutagenic effects of cytosine deamination in insects.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ Animals
/ Biological and medical sciences
/ Deoxyribonuclease (Pyrimidine Dimer)
/ DNA
/ Drosophila melanogaster - enzymology
/ E coli
/ Endodeoxyribonucleases - classification
/ Endodeoxyribonucleases - genetics
/ Endodeoxyribonucleases - metabolism
/ Enzymes
/ Escherichia coli - enzymology
/ Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Humans
/ Insecta
/ Insects
/ letter
/ Mice
/ Molecular and cellular biology
/ N-Glycosyl Hydrolases - classification
/ N-Glycosyl Hydrolases - genetics
/ N-Glycosyl Hydrolases - metabolism
/ Proteins
/ Recombinant Proteins - genetics
/ Recombinant Proteins - metabolism
/ Science
/ Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
