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Modeling sarcomagenesis using multipotent mesenchymal stem cells
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Journal Article
Modeling sarcomagenesis using multipotent mesenchymal stem cells
2012
Overview
Because of their unique properties, multipotent mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） represent one of the most prom- ising adult stem cells being used worldwide in a wide array of clinical applications. Overall, compelling evidence supports the long-term safety of ex vivo expanded human MSCs, which do not seem to transform spontaneously. However, experimental data reveal a link between MSCs and cancer, and MSCs have been reported to inhibit or promote tumor growth depending on yet undefined conditions. Interestingly, solid evidence based on transgenic mice and genetic intervention of MSCs has placed these cells as the most likely cell of origin for certain sarcomas. This research area is being increasingly explored to develop accurate MSC-based models of sarcomagenesis, which will be undoubtedly valuable in providing a better understanding about the etiology and pathogenesis of mesenchymal cancer, eventually leading to the development of more specific therapies directed against the sarcoma-initiating cell. Unfortunately, still little is known about the mechanisms underlying MSC transformation and further studies are required to develop bona fide sarcoma models based on human MSCs. Here, we comprehensively review the exist- ing MSC-based models of sarcoma and discuss the most common mechanisms leading to tumoral transformation of MSCs and sarcomagenesis.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ Animals
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Cell Transformation, Neoplastic - genetics
/ Cell Transformation, Neoplastic - pathology
/ Etiology
/ Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
/ Humans
/ Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - metabolism
/ Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - pathology
/ Mice
/ MSCs
/ Multipotent Stem Cells - metabolism
/ Multipotent Stem Cells - pathology
/ Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases - genetics
/ Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases - metabolism
/ Review
/ Reviews
/ Sarcoma
/ Sarcoma, Experimental - metabolism
/ Sarcoma, Experimental - pathology
/ Tumors
/ 临床应用
/ 体外扩增
/ 建模
/ 细胞模型
/ 细胞起源
/ 转基因小鼠
/ 骨髓间充质干细胞
