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Nanoscale Topography on Black Titanium Imparts Multi-biofunctional Properties for Orthopedic Applications
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Journal Article
Nanoscale Topography on Black Titanium Imparts Multi-biofunctional Properties for Orthopedic Applications
2017
Overview
We have developed a chlorine based reactive ion etching process to yield randomly oriented anisotropic nanostructures that render the titanium metal surface ‘black’ similar to that of black silicon. The surface appears black due to the nanostructures in contrast to the conventional shiny surface of titanium. The nanostructures were found to kill bacteria on contact by mechanically rupturing the cells as has been observed previously on wings of certain insects. The etching was optimized to yield nanostructures of ≈1 μm height for maximal bactericidal efficiency without compromising cytocompatibility. Within 4 hours of contact with the black titanium surface, 95% ± 5% of
E. coli,
98% ± 2% of
P. aeruginosa
, 92% ± 5% of
M. smegmatis
and 22% ± 8% of
S. aureus
cells that had attached were killed. The killing efficiency for the
S. aureus
increased to 76% ± 4% when the cells were allowed to adhere up to 24 hours. The black titanium supported the attachment and proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells and augmented osteogenic lineage commitment
in vitro
. Thus, the bioinspired nanostructures on black titanium impart multi-biofunctional properties toward engineering the next-generation biomaterials for orthopedic implants.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ 140/146
/ 142/126
/ Cell Differentiation - drug effects
/ Cell Proliferation - drug effects
/ Chlorine
/ Coated Materials, Biocompatible - chemistry
/ Coated Materials, Biocompatible - therapeutic use
/ Design
/ E coli
/ Escherichia coli - drug effects
/ Escherichia coli - pathogenicity
/ Etching
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Humans
/ Mesenchymal Stem Cells - drug effects
/ Nanostructures - microbiology
/ Nanostructures - therapeutic use
/ Prostheses and Implants - microbiology
/ Science
/ Silicon
/ Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects
/ Staphylococcus aureus - pathogenicity
/ Titanium
/ Wings
