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Decreased expression of femXAB genes and fnbp mediated biofilm pathways in OS-MRSA clinical isolates
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Decreased expression of femXAB genes and fnbp mediated biofilm pathways in OS-MRSA clinical isolates
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Journal Article
Decreased expression of femXAB genes and fnbp mediated biofilm pathways in OS-MRSA clinical isolates
2019
Overview
Methicillin-Resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA) is a significant threat to human health. Additionally, biofilm forming bacteria becomes more tolerant to antibiotics and act as bacterial reservoir leading to chronic infection. In this study, we characterised the antibiotic susceptibility, biofilm production and sequence types (ST) of 74 randomly selected clinical isolates of
S. aureus
causing ocular infections. Antibiotic susceptibility revealed 74% of the isolates as resistant against one or two antibiotics, followed by 16% multidrug-resistant isolates (MDR), and 10% sensitive. The isolates were characterized as MRSA (n = 15), Methicillin-sensitive
S. aureus
(MSSA, n = 48) and oxacillin susceptible
mecA
positive
S. aureus
(OS-MRSA, n = 11) based on oxacillin susceptibility,
mecA
gene PCR and PBP2a agglutination test. All OS-MRSA would have been misclassified as MSSA on the basis of susceptibility test. Therefore, both phenotypic and genotypic tests should be included to prevent strain misrepresentation. In addition, in-depth studies for understanding the emerging OS-MRSA phenotype is required. The role of
fem XAB
gene family has been earlier reported in OS-MRSA phenotype. Sequence analysis of the
fem XAB
genes revealed mutations in
fem
× (K3R, H11N, N18H and I51V) and
fem B
(L410F) genes. The
fem XAB
genes were also found down-regulated in OS-MRSA isolates in comparison to MRSA. In OS-MRSA isolates, biofilm formation is regulated by fibronectin binding proteins A & B. Molecular typing of the isolates revealed genetic diversity. All the isolates produced biofilm, however, MRSA isolates with strong biofilm phenotype represent a worrisome situation and may even result in treatment failure.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ 38/23
/ Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
/ Bacterial Proteins - genetics
/ Bacterial Proteins - metabolism
/ Biofilms
/ Genes
/ Genotype
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Humans
/ Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects
/ Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - genetics
/ Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - isolation & purification
/ Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - physiology
/ Science
/ Staphylococcal Infections - microbiology
/ Staphylococcal Infections - pathology
/ Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects
/ Staphylococcus aureus - genetics
/ Staphylococcus aureus - isolation & purification
