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Novel Fermentates Can Enhance Key Immune Responses Associated with Viral Immunity

by Loscher, Christine , Cotter, Paul D. , FitzGerald, Jamie A. , Beresford, Tom , Mathur, Harsh , Mechoud, Monica A. , Finnegan, Dearbhla

in Animals / Bone marrow / Cell culture / chemoattractants / Chemokines / Cytokines / Cytokines - metabolism / dried milk / Fermentation / Functional foods / Functional foods & nutraceuticals / Health aspects / Immune response / Immunity (Disease) / interleukin-10 / interleukin-6 / lactic acid / Macrophages / Macrophages - immunology / Macrophages - metabolism / Metabolites / Mice / Microorganisms / Milk / monocytes / Nitric oxide / Nitric Oxide - metabolism / Phagocytosis / phenotype / RAW 264.7 Cells / secretion / skim milk / Tumor necrosis factor-TNF / Virus Diseases - immunology

2024

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Novel Fermentates Can Enhance Key Immune Responses Associated with Viral Immunity

by Loscher, Christine , Cotter, Paul D. , FitzGerald, Jamie A. , Beresford, Tom , Mathur, Harsh , Mechoud, Monica A. , Finnegan, Dearbhla

2024

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Novel Fermentates Can Enhance Key Immune Responses Associated with Viral Immunity

by Loscher, Christine , Cotter, Paul D. , FitzGerald, Jamie A. , Beresford, Tom , Mathur, Harsh , Mechoud, Monica A. , Finnegan, Dearbhla

2024

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Journal Article

Novel Fermentates Can Enhance Key Immune Responses Associated with Viral Immunity

Loscher, Christine,

Cotter, Paul D.,

FitzGerald, Jamie A.,

Beresford, Tom,

Mathur, Harsh,

Mechoud, Monica A.,

Finnegan, Dearbhla

2024

Overview

Fermented foods have long been known to have immunomodulatory capabilities, and fermentates derived from the lactic acid bacteria of dairy products can modulate the immune system. We have used skimmed milk powder to generate novel fermentates using Lb. helveticus strains SC234 and SC232 and we demonstrate here that these fermentates can enhance key immune mechanisms that are critical to the immune response to viruses. We show that our novel fermentates, SC234 and SC232, can positively impact on cytokine and chemokine secretion, nitric oxide (NO) production, cell surface marker expression, and phagocytosis in macrophage models. We demonstrate that the fermentates SC234 and SC232 increase the secretion of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-27, and IL-10; promote an M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype for viral immunity via NO induction; decrease chemokine expression of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein (MCP); increase cell surface marker expression; and enhance phagocytosis in comparison to their starting material. These data suggest that these novel fermentates have potential as novel functional food ingredients for the treatment, management, and control of viral infection.

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Publisher

MDPI AG,MDPI

Subject

/ Cytokines - metabolism