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Root exudates: from plant to rhizosphere and beyond
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Journal Article
Root exudates: from plant to rhizosphere and beyond
2020
Overview
Key message This article describes the composition of root exudates, how these metabolites are released to the rhizosphere and their importance in the recruitment of benefcial microbiota that alleviate plant stress. Abstract Metabolites secreted to the rhizosphere by roots are involved in several processes. By modulating the composition of the root exudates, plants can modify soil properties to adapt and ensure their survival under adverse conditions. They use several strategies such as (1) changing soil pH to solubilize nutrients into assimilable forms, (2) chelating toxic compounds, (3) attracting benefcial microbiota, or (4) releasing toxic substances for pathogens, etc. In this work, the composition of root exudates as well as the diferent mechanisms of root exudation have been reviewed. Existing methodologies to collect root exudates, indicating their advantages and disadvantages, are also described. Factors afecting root exudation have been exposed, including physical, chemical, and biological agents which can produce qualitative and quantitative changes in exudate composition. Finally, since root exudates play an important role in the recruitment of mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), the mechanisms of interaction between plants and the benefcial microbiota have been highlighted.
Publisher
Springer,Springer Berlin Heidelberg,Springer Nature B.V
