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Anti-biofilm efficacy of a medieval treatment for bacterial infection requires the combination of multiple ingredients
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Journal Article
Anti-biofilm efficacy of a medieval treatment for bacterial infection requires the combination of multiple ingredients
2020
Overview
Novel antimicrobials are urgently needed to combat drug-resistant bacteria and to overcome the inherent difficulties in treating biofilm-associated infections. Studying plants and other natural materials used in historical infection remedies may enable further discoveries to help fill the antibiotic discovery gap. We previously reconstructed a 1,000-year-old remedy containing onion, garlic, wine, and bile salts, known as ‘Bald’s eyesalve’, and showed it had promising antibacterial activity. In this current paper, we have found this bactericidal activity extends to a range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive wound pathogens in planktonic culture and, crucially, that this activity is maintained against
Acinetobacter baumannii, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Staphylococcus aureus
,
Staphylococcus epidermidis
and
Streptococcus pyogenes
in a soft-tissue wound biofilm model. While the presence of garlic in the mixture can explain the activity against planktonic cultures, garlic has no activity against biofilms. We have found the potent anti-biofilm activity of Bald’s eyesalve cannot be attributed to a single ingredient and requires the combination of all ingredients to achieve full activity. Our work highlights the need to explore not only single compounds but also mixtures of natural products for treating biofilm infections and underlines the importance of working with biofilm models when exploring natural products for the anti-biofilm pipeline.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
/ Bacteria - growth & development
/ Bacterial Infections - microbiology
/ Bacterial Infections - prevention & control
/ Biofilms
/ Biofilms - growth & development
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Humans
/ Plant Extracts - isolation & purification
/ Plant Extracts - pharmacology
/ Salts
/ Science
/ Wine
/ Wounds
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