Journal Article

Role of the PD‐1/PD‐L1 Signaling in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis: Recent Insights and Future Directions

Jin, Tao, Han, Jinming, Mi, Yan, Zhu, Jie

2021

Overview

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmunity-related chronic demyelination disease of the central nervous system (CNS), causing young disability. Currently, highly specific immunotherapies for MS are still lacking. Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) is an immunosuppressive co-stimulatory molecule, which is expressed on activated T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and other immune cells. PD-L1, the ligand of PD-1, is expressed on T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, and macrophages. PD-1/PD-L1 delivers negative regulatory signals to immune cells, maintaining immune tolerance and inhibiting autoimmunity. This review comprehensively summarizes current insights into the role of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling in MS and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The potentiality of PD-1/PD-L1 as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for MS will also be discussed.

• Publisher: Springer US,Springer Nature B.V
• Subject: Animal models / Animals / Apoptosis / Autoimmune diseases / Autoimmunity / B7-H1 Antigen - metabolism / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Biomedicine / Cell Biology / Cell death / Central nervous system / Demyelination / Dendritic cells / Encephalomyelitis / Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental - metabolism / Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis / Humans / Immunological tolerance / Immunotherapy / Lymphocytes / Lymphocytes B / Lymphocytes T / Macrophages / Mice / Multiple sclerosis / Multiple Sclerosis - metabolism / Natural killer cells / Neurobiology / Neurology / Neurosciences / PD-1 protein / PD-L1 protein / Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor - metabolism / Signal Transduction - physiology