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Inhibitory effects of senkyuchachosan on SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease activity in vitro
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Inhibitory effects of senkyuchachosan on SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease activity in vitro
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Journal Article
Inhibitory effects of senkyuchachosan on SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease activity in vitro
2024
Overview
Papain-like protease (PLpro) enzyme plays a vital role in viral replication as it breaks down polyproteins and disrupts the host's immune response. There are few reports on Kampo formulas that focus on PLpro activity. In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effects of senkyuchachosan, a traditional Japanese medicine, on PLpro of SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for causing COVID-19. We purified the PLpro enzyme and conducted in vitro enzymatic assays using specific substrates. Among the nine crude drugs present in senkyuchachosan, four (Cyperi Rhizoma, Schizonepetae Spica, Menthae Herba, and Camelliae sinensis Folium [CsF]) strongly inhibited PLpro activity. CsF, derived from
Camellia sinensis
(green tea), contains polyphenols, including catechins and tannins. To confirm that the PLpro inhibitory effects of senkyuchachosan predominantly stem from tannins, the tannins were removed from the decoction using polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP). The inhibitory effect of senkyuchachosan on PLpro activity was reduced by the removal of PVPP. In addition, the tannin fraction obtained from the CsF extracts showed significant PLpro inhibitory effects. These findings lay the groundwork for the potential development of therapeutic agents that target SARS-CoV-2 infection by intervening in proteolytic cleavage of the virus.
Graphical Abstract
Publisher
Springer Nature Singapore,Springer Nature B.V
Subject
/ Antiviral Agents - pharmacology
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Complementary & Alternative Medicine
/ Coronavirus 3C Proteases - antagonists & inhibitors
/ Coronavirus 3C Proteases - metabolism
/ Coronavirus Papain-Like Proteases - antagonists & inhibitors
/ Coronavirus Papain-Like Proteases - metabolism
/ COVID-19
/ Drugs
/ Enzymes
/ Humans
/ Oriental traditional medicine
/ Papain
/ Pharmacy
/ Plant Extracts - pharmacology
/ Proteins
/ rhizomes
/ Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
/ Tannins
/ Tea
/ viruses
