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Changes in climatic conditions drive variations in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi diversity and composition in semi-arid oak forests
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Changes in climatic conditions drive variations in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi diversity and composition in semi-arid oak forests
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Journal Article
Changes in climatic conditions drive variations in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi diversity and composition in semi-arid oak forests
2024
Overview
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a vital role in plant productivity and ecosystem functions. However, their responses to abiotic factors (i.e., climate, physiography, and soil properties) are unknown, especially across climatic gradients and slope aspects in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. In this study, using 60 composite soil samples, direct and indirect effects of climate factors and slope aspects on AMF diversity, composition and spore density were studied. The findings indicate that climate has a more direct influence on soil properties (
P
< 0.001) in comparison to slope aspect (
P
= 0.449). In contrast, climate significantly affected AMF diversity and composition, with the highest diversity in dryer areas. Soil pH had the highest correlation with different facets of AMF diversity. Structural equation modeling (SEM) indicated that only a small part of the variation in AMF diversity and spore density could be explained by climate characteristics, slope aspect and soil properties. Based on SEM results, climate was the most important determinant of AMF diversity and spore density; slope aspect had a less critical role. The outputs suggest that variations in AMF diversity are derived by the direct effects of climate and the indirect effect of soil chemical properties. In addition, with increasing dryness, sporulation and AMF diversity increased.
Graphical Abstract
Publisher
Springer Nature Singapore,Springer,Springer Nature B.V,Department of Forest Science,Faculty of Agriculture,Ilam University,Ilam 69315-516,Iran%Department of Range and Watershed Management,Faculty of Agriculture,Ilam University,Ilam 69315-516,Iran%Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences,Tarbiat Modares University,Noor 46417-76489,Mazandaran,Iran
