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Speech Inconsistency in Children With Childhood Apraxia of Speech, Language Impairment, and Speech Delay: Depends on the Stimuli
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Speech Inconsistency in Children With Childhood Apraxia of Speech, Language Impairment, and Speech Delay: Depends on the Stimuli
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Journal Article
Speech Inconsistency in Children With Childhood Apraxia of Speech, Language Impairment, and Speech Delay: Depends on the Stimuli
2017
Overview
Purpose: The current research sought to determine (a) if speech inconsistency is a core feature of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) or if it is driven by comorbid language impairment that affects a large subset of children with CAS and (b) if speech inconsistency is a sensitive and specific diagnostic marker that can differentiate between CAS and speech delay. Method Participants: included 48 children ranging between 4;7 to 17;8 (years;months) with CAS (n = 10), CAS + language impairment (n = 10), speech delay (n = 10), language impairment (n = 9), or typical development (n = 9). Speech inconsistency was assessed at phonemic and token-to-token levels using a variety of stimuli. Results: Children with CAS and CAS + language impairment performed equivalently on all inconsistency assessments. Children with language impairment evidenced high levels of speech inconsistency on the phrase \"buy Bobby a puppy.\" Token-to-token inconsistency of monosyllabic words and the phrase \"buy Bobby a puppy\" was sensitive and specific in differentiating children with CAS and speech delay, whereas inconsistency calculated on other stimuli (e.g., multisyllabic words) was less efficacious in differentiating between these disorders. Results: Children with CAS and CAS + language impairment performed equivalently on all inconsistency assessments. Children with language impairment evidenced high levels of speech inconsistency on the phrase \"buy Bobby a puppy.\" Token-to-token inconsistency of monosyllabic words and the phrase \"buy Bobby a puppy\" was sensitive and specific in differentiating children with CAS and speech delay, whereas inconsistency calculated on other stimuli (e.g., multisyllabic words) was less efficacious in differentiating between these disorders. Conclusions: Speech inconsistency is a core feature of CAS and is efficacious in differentiating between children with CAS and speech delay; however, sensitivity and specificity are stimuli dependent.
Publisher
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
Subject
/ Apraxia
/ Child
/ Children
/ Delayed language acquisition
/ Humans
/ Language
/ Language Development Disorders - complications
/ Language Development Disorders - diagnosis
/ Nouns
/ Phonemes
/ Speech
/ Speech Disorders - complications
/ Speech Disorders - diagnosis
/ Speech disorders in children
/ Speech Production Measurement
/ Stimuli
