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Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis: biology, epidemiology, pathogenicity and antifungal resistance
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Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis: biology, epidemiology, pathogenicity and antifungal resistance
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Journal Article
Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis: biology, epidemiology, pathogenicity and antifungal resistance
2012
Overview
Abstract
The incidence of infections caused by Candida species (candidosis) has increased considerably over the past three decades, mainly due to the rise of the AIDS epidemic, an increasingly aged population, higher numbers of immunocompromised patients and the more widespread use of indwelling medical devices. Candida albicans is the main cause of candidosis; however, non-C. albicans Candida (NCAC) species such as Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis and Candida parapsilosis are now frequently identified as human pathogens. The apparent increased emergence of these species as human pathogens can be attributed to improved identification methods and also associated with the degree of diseases of the patients, the interventions that they were subjected and the drugs used. Candida pathogenicity is facilitated by a number of virulence factors, most importantly adherence to host surfaces including medical devices, biofilm formation and secretion of hydrolytic enzymes (e.g. proteases, phospholipases and haemolysins). Furthermore, despite extensive research to identify pathogenic factors in fungi, particularly in C. albicans, relatively little is known about NCAC species. This review provides information on the current state of knowledge on the biology, identification, epidemiology, pathogenicity and antifungal resistance of C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis.
This review aims to gather the most relevant information regarding biology, identification, epidemiology, pathogenicity and antifungal resistance of C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis.
Publisher
Blackwell Publishing Ltd,Blackwell,Oxford University Press
Subject
/ Antifungal Agents - pharmacology
/ Antifungal Agents - therapeutic use
/ Biofilms
/ Biological and medical sciences
/ Biology
/ Candida
/ Candida glabrata - drug effects
/ Candida glabrata - metabolism
/ Candida glabrata - pathogenicity
/ Candida tropicalis - drug effects
/ Candida tropicalis - genetics
/ Candida tropicalis - metabolism
/ Candida tropicalis - pathogenicity
/ Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
/ Fungi
/ Humans
/ Mycology
/ Species
