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Heat-related Emergency Hospitalizations for Respiratory Diseases in the Medicare Population
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Journal Article
Heat-related Emergency Hospitalizations for Respiratory Diseases in the Medicare Population
2013
Overview
The heat-related risk of hospitalization for respiratory diseases among the elderly has not been quantified in the United States on a national scale. With climate change predictions of more frequent and more intense heat waves, it is of paramount importance to quantify the health risks related to heat, especially for the most vulnerable.
To estimate the risk of hospitalization for respiratory diseases associated with outdoor heat in the U.S. elderly.
An observational study of approximately 12.5 million Medicare beneficiaries in 213 United States counties, January 1, 1999 to December 31, 2008. We estimate a national average relative risk of hospitalization for each 10°F (5.6°C) increase in daily outdoor temperature using Bayesian hierarchical models.
We obtained daily county-level rates of Medicare emergency respiratory hospitalizations (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, 464-466, 480-487, 490-492) in 213 U.S. counties from 1999 through 2008. Overall, each 10°F increase in daily temperature was associated with a 4.3% increase in same-day emergency hospitalizations for respiratory diseases (95% posterior interval, 3.8, 4.8%). Counties' relative risks were significantly higher in counties with cooler average summer temperatures.
We found strong evidence of an association between outdoor heat and respiratory hospitalizations in the largest population of elderly studied to date. Given projections of increasing temperatures from climate change and the increasing global prevalence of chronic pulmonary disease, the relationship between heat and respiratory morbidity is a growing concern.
Publisher
American Thoracic Society
Subject
/ Aged
/ Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy
/ Biological and medical sciences
/ Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
/ Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma
/ Datasets
/ Emergency Medical Services - methods
/ Emergency Medical Services - statistics & numerical data
/ Female
/ Heat
/ Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data
/ Hot Temperature - adverse effects
/ Humans
/ Male
/ Medicare
/ Respiration Disorders - epidemiology
/ Risk
/ Trends
